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Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

Grewe, Volker and Dahlmann, Katrin and Flink, Jan and Frömming, Christine and Ghosh, Robin and Gierens, Klaus Martin and Heller, Romy and Hendricks, Johannes and Jöckel, Patrick and Kaufmann, Stefan and Kölker, Katrin and Linke, Florian and Luchkova, Tanja and Lührs, Benjamin and van Manen, Jesper and Matthes, Sigrun and Minikin, Andreas and Niklaß, Malte and Plohr, Martin and Righi, Mattia and Rosanka, Simon and Schmitt, Angela Rebecca and Schumann, Ulrich and Terekhov, Ivan and Unterstrasser, Simon and Vazquez-Navarro, Margarita and Voigt, Christiane and Wicke, Kai and Yamashita, Hiroshi and Zahn, Andreas and Ziereis, Helmut (2017) Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project. Aerospace, 4 (3), pp. 1-50. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). doi: 10.3390/aerospace4030034. ISSN 2226-4310.

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Official URL: http://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/4/3/34

Abstract

The WeCare project (Utilizing Weather information for Climate efficient and eco efficient future aviation), an internal project of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR), aimed at finding solutions for reducing the climate impact of aviation based on an improved understanding of the atmospheric impact from aviation by making use of measurements and modeling approaches. WeCare made some important contributions to advance the scientific understanding in the area of atmospheric and air transportation research. We characterize contrail properties, show that the aircraft type significantly influences these properties, and how contrail-cirrus interacts with natural cirrus. Aviation NOx emissions lead to ozone formation and we show that the strength of the ozone enhancement varies, depending on where within a weather pattern NOx is emitted. These results, in combination with results on the effects of aerosol emissions on low cloud properties, give a revised view on the total radiative forcing of aviation. The assessment of a fleet of strut-braced wing aircraft with an open rotor is investigated and reveals the potential to significantly reduce the climate impact. Intermediate stop operations have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption. However, we find that, if only optimized for fuel use, they will have an increased climate impact, since non-CO2 effects compensate the reduced warming from CO2 savings. Avoiding climate sensitive regions has a large potential in reducing climate impact at relatively low costs. Taking advantage of a full 3D optimization has a much better eco-efficiency than lateral re-routings, only. The implementation of such operational measures requires many more considerations. Non-CO2 aviation effects are not considered in international agreements. We showed that climate-optimal routing could be achieved, if market-based measures were in place, which include these non-CO2 effects. An alternative measure to foster climate-optimal routing is the closing of air spaces, which are very climate-sensitive. Although less effective than an unconstrained optimization with respect to climate, it still has a significant potential to reduce the climate impact of aviation. By combining atmospheric and air Transportation research, we assess climate mitigation measures, aiming at providing information to aviation stakeholders and policy-makers to make aviation more climate compatible.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/113035/
Document Type:Article
Additional Information:Projekt WeCare
Title:Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Grewe, VolkerDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dahlmann, KatrinDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-1713UNSPECIFIED
Flink, JanUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2461-6569133711896
Frömming, ChristineDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-7180UNSPECIFIED
Ghosh, RobinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gierens, Klaus MartinDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-5370UNSPECIFIED
Heller, RomyDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hendricks, JohannesDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jöckel, PatrickDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-1394UNSPECIFIED
Kaufmann, StefanDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kölker, KatrinUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9172-6779UNSPECIFIED
Linke, FlorianUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-3471UNSPECIFIED
Luchkova, TanjaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lührs, BenjaminUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Manen, JesperUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Matthes, SigrunDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-2418UNSPECIFIED
Minikin, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-4657UNSPECIFIED
Niklaß, MalteUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6760-8561UNSPECIFIED
Plohr, MartinDLR, AT-TWKhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6165-0838UNSPECIFIED
Righi, MattiaDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3827-5950UNSPECIFIED
Rosanka, SimonUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schmitt, Angela RebeccaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schumann, UlrichDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Terekhov, IvanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Unterstrasser, SimonDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vazquez-Navarro, MargaritaDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Voigt, ChristianeDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wicke, KaiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Yamashita, HiroshiDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zahn, Andreaskarlsruhe institute of technology (kit)UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ziereis, HelmutDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-5669UNSPECIFIED
Date:July 2017
Journal or Publication Title:Aerospace
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:Yes
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:4
DOI:10.3390/aerospace4030034
Page Range:pp. 1-50
Publisher:Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
ISSN:2226-4310
Status:Published
Keywords:aviation emission; contrails; nitrogen oxides; aerosols; climate change; climate mitigation; strut-braced wing; open rotor; intermediate stop operations; climate sensitive regions; contrail avoidance
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Aeronautics
HGF - Program Themes:air traffic management and operations
DLR - Research area:Aeronautics
DLR - Program:L AO - Air Traffic Management and Operation
DLR - Research theme (Project):L - Climate, Weather and Environment (old)
Location: Braunschweig , Hamburg , Köln-Porz , Oberpfaffenhofen
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Atmospheric Physics
Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Earth System Modelling
Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Atmospheric Trace Species
Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Cloud Physics
Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Atmospheric Remote Sensing
Air Transport Operations
Institute of Flight Guidance
Institut of Simulation and Software Technology
Institute of Propulsion Technology
Flight Experiments
Institute of Propulsion Technology > Engine
Deposited By: Grewe, Prof. Dr. Volker
Deposited On:04 Jul 2017 09:39
Last Modified:25 Apr 2023 08:39

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