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Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Missions Employing Formation Flying

Krieger, Gerhard and Hajnsek, Irena and Papathanassiou, Konstantinos and Younis, Marwan and Moreira, Alberto (2010) Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Missions Employing Formation Flying. Proceedings of the IEEE, 98 (5), pp. 816-843. IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2038948. ISSN 0018-9219.

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Abstract

This paper presents an overview of single-pass interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) missions employing two or more satellites flying in a close formation. The simultaneous reception of the scattered radar echoes from different viewing directions by multiple spatially distributed antennas enables the acquisition of unique Earth observation products for environmental and climate monitoring. After a short introduction to the basic principles and applications of SAR interferometry, designs for the twin satellite missions TanDEM-X and Tandem-L are presented. Primary objective of TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement) is the generation of a global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with unprecedented accuracy as the basis for a wide range of scientific research, as well as for commercial DEM production. This goal is achieved by enhancing the TerraSAR-X mission with a second TerraSAR-X like satellite that will be launched in spring 2010. Both satellites act then as a large single-pass SAR interferometer with the opportunity for flexible baseline selection. Building upon the experience gathered with the TanDEM-X mission design, the fully polarimetric L-band twin satellite formation Tandem-L is proposed. Important objectives of this highly capable interferometric SAR mission are the global acquisition of 3-D forest structure and biomass inventories, large scale measurements of millimetric displacements due to tectonic shifts, and systematic observations of glacier movements. The sophisticated mission concept and the high data acquisition capacity of Tandem-L will moreover provide a unique data source to systematically observe, analyze and quantify the dynamics of a wide range of additional processes in the bio-, litho-, hydro- and cryosphere. By this, Tandem-L will be an essential step to advance our understanding of the Earth system and its intricate dynamics. Enabling technologies and techniques are described in detail and an outlook on future interferometric and tomographic concepts and developments, including multi-static SAR systems with multiple receivers, is provided.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/61896/
Document Type:Article
Title:Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Missions Employing Formation Flying
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Krieger, GerhardUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hajnsek, IrenaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Papathanassiou, KonstantinosUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Younis, MarwanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Moreira, AlbertoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:May 2010
Journal or Publication Title:Proceedings of the IEEE
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:98
DOI:10.1109/JPROC.2009.2038948
Page Range:pp. 816-843
Publisher:IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ISSN:0018-9219
Status:Published
Keywords:Earth Observation, Remote Sensing, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Interferometry, Digital Beamforming, Formation Flying, Tandem-L, TanDEM-X, Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR), Tomography
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport (old)
HGF - Program:Space (old)
HGF - Program Themes:W EO - Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Research area:Space
DLR - Program:W EO - Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Research theme (Project):W - Vorhaben Entwicklung eines Mini-SAR (old)
Location: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institutes and Institutions:Microwaves and Radar Institute > Radar Concepts
Microwaves and Radar Institute
Deposited By: Krieger, Dr.-Ing. Gerhard
Deposited On:28 Dec 2009 18:36
Last Modified:31 Jul 2019 19:26

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