Enhancing Dam Monitoring: Utilizing the CR-Index for Electronic Corner Reflector (ECR) Site Selection and PSI Analysis

Abstract

Traditional methods for monitoring embankment dams and gravity dams typically rely on on-site geodetic measurements, such as pendulum devices, trigonometry, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology. However, the feasibility of these instruments is often constrained by factors such as cost and accessibility. In such cases, satellite remote sensing, particularly Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI), can offer a valuable alternative. Despite its cost-effectiveness in measuring deformations, PSI is not universally applicable to all dams due to various geometric factors. To address this limitation, the CR-Index provides insights into the suitability of PSI for monitoring specific structures. This study focuses on the development and application of the CR-Index for embankment dams and gravity dams in Western Germany. Based on the results, well-suited dams were equipped with innovative electronic corner reflectors to enhance their visibility in radar imagery and enable a more effective PSI analysis.