ORMOBASS - INCREASING RESILIENCE OF NAVIGATION IN THE BALTIC SEA

Abstract

Maritime navigation in the Baltic Sea is a complex task that demands robust technology which provides accurate and continuous information. The region’s busy shipping lanes, shallow waters, and sensitive ecosystem pose significant challenges for mariners. To navigate these waters safely and efficiently, mariners rely on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which provides a global, all-weather, and 24/7 navigation capability. GNSS also enables efficient navigation on planned routes and optimised route planning to reduce the ecological footprint of shipping, which is particularly important in the Baltic Sea, where the shipping industry plays an important role in the transportation system of the Baltic Sea region. In addition, authorities with security tasks in particular have an urgent need for reliable position and time information in order to be able to carry out their tasks without disruption. During the winter months, ice coverage in the northern Baltic Sea can be substantial, and GNSS plays a crucial role in helping icebreakers and other vessels navigate through icy waters. By using GNSS, these vessels can reduce the risk of getting stuck or damaged by ice, ensuring safe and efficient navigation. However, recent reports have highlighted a growing concern: GNSS is not always available in parts of the Baltic Sea due to signal interference e. g. by jamming or spoofing. This problem is mainly caused by the low signal strength of the received GNSS signals. To address this issue, a backup system is needed to enable resilient navigation on the Baltic Sea. One promising solution is the use of an alternative navigation system, such as the terrestrial R-Mode, which is not affected by the same error modes as GNSS. The ORMOBASS project aims to implement an R-Mode system that provides core functionalities for an operational RMode positioning and timing service. In this work, we will introduce the R-Mode system and outline the steps we are taking to provide an pre-operational service in the Baltic Sea. By developing a reliable and efficient backup system, we can ensure safe and efficient navigation in the region, even in the event of GNSS interference. The ORMOBASS project is co-financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund within the Interreg Baltic Sea Region Program.