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A broadband thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b

Coulombe, Louis-Philippe and Benneke, Björn and Challener, Ryan and Piette, Anjali A. A. and Wiser, Lindsey S. and Mansfield, Megan and MacDonald, Ryan J. and Beltz, Hayley and Feinstein, Adina D. and Radica, Michael and Savel, Arjun B. and Dos Santos, Leonardo A. and Bean, Jacob L. and Parmentier, Vivien and Wong, Ian and Rauscher, Emily and Komacek, Thaddeus D. and Kempton, Eliza M.-R. and Tan, Xianyu and Hammond, Mark and Lewis, Neil T. and Line, Michael R. and Lee, Elspeth K. H. and Shivkumar, Hinna and Crossfield, Ian J. M. and Nixon, Matthew C. and Rackham, Benjamin V. and Wakeford, Hannah R. and Welbanks, Luis and Zhang, Xi and Batalha, Natalie M. and Berta-Thompson, Zachory K. and Changeat, Quentin and Désert, Jean-Michel and Espinoza, Néstor and Goyal, Jayesh M. and Harrington, Joseph and Knutson, Heather A. and Kreidberg, Laura and López-Morales, Mercedes and Shporer, Avi and Sing, David K. and Stevenson, Kevin B. and Aggarwal, Keshav and Ahrer, Eva-Maria and Alam, Munazza K. and Bell, Taylor J. and Blecic, Jasmina and Caceres, Claudio and Carter, Aarynn L. and Casewell, Sarah L. and Crouzet, Nicolas and Cubillos, Patricio E. and Decin, Leen and Fortney, Jonathan J. and Gibson, Neale P. and Heng, Kevin and Henning, Thomas and Iro, Nicolas and Kendrew, Sarah and Lagage, Pierre-Olivier and Leconte, Jérémy and Lendl, Monika and Lothringer, Joshua D. and Mancini, Luigi and Mikal-Evans, Thomas and Molaverdikhani, Karan and Nikolov, Nikolay K. and Ohno, Kazumasa and Palle, Enric and Piaulet, Caroline and Redfield, Seth and Roy, Pierre-Alexis and Tsai, Shang-Min and Venot, Olivia and Wheatley, Peter J. (2023) A broadband thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b. Nature. Nature Publishing Group. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06230-1. ISSN 0028-0836.

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Official URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06230-1

Abstract

Close-in giant exoplanets with temperatures greater than 2,000 K ("ultra-hot Jupiters") have been the subject of extensive efforts to determine their atmospheric properties using thermal emission measurements from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent results because the small sizes of the spectral features and the limited information content of the data resulted in high sensitivity to the varying assumptions made in the treatment of instrument systematics and the atmospheric retrieval analysis. Here we present a dayside thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained with the NIRISS13 instrument on JWST. The data span 0.85 to 2.85 microns in wavelength at an average resolving power of 400 and exhibit minimal systematics. The spectrum shows three water emission features and evidence for optical opacity, possibly due to H-, TiO, and VO. Models that fit the data require a thermal inversion, molecular dissociation as predicted by chemical equilibrium, a solar heavy-element abundance ("metallicity", M/H = 1.03 times solar), and a carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio less than unity. The data also yield a dayside brightness temperature map, which shows a peak in temperature near the sub-stellar point that decreases steeply and symmetrically with longitude toward the terminators.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/195769/
Document Type:Article
Title:A broadband thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Coulombe, Louis-PhilippeUniversité de Montréalhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2195-735XUNSPECIFIED
Benneke, BjörnUniversité de MontréalUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Challener, RyanUniversity of MichiganUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Piette, Anjali A. A.Carnegie Institution for ScienceUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wiser, Lindsey S.Arizona State UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mansfield, MeganUniversity of ArizonaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
MacDonald, Ryan J.University of MichiganUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beltz, HayleyUniversity of MichiganUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Feinstein, Adina D.University of ChicagoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Radica, MichaelUniversité de MontréalUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Savel, Arjun B.University of ChicagoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dos Santos, Leonardo A.Space Telescope Science InstituteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bean, Jacob L.University of ChicagoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Parmentier, VivienObservatoire de la Côte d’AzurUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wong, IanNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rauscher, EmilyUniversity of MichiganUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Komacek, Thaddeus D.University of MarylandUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kempton, Eliza M.-R.University of MarylandUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tan, XianyuShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hammond, MarkUniversity of OxfordUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lewis, Neil T.University of ExeterUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Line, Michael R.Arizona State UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lee, Elspeth K. H.University of BernUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shivkumar, HinnaUniversity of AmsterdamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Crossfield, Ian J. M.University of KansasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nixon, Matthew C.University of MarylandUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rackham, Benjamin V.Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wakeford, Hannah R.University of BristolUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Welbanks, LuisArizona State UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zhang, XiUniversity of California Santa CruzUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Batalha, Natalie M.University of California Santa CruzUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.University of ColoradoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Changeat, QuentinSpace Telescope Science InstituteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Désert, Jean-MichelUniversity of AmsterdamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Espinoza, NéstorSpace Telescope Science InstituteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Goyal, Jayesh M.National Institute of Science Education and ResearchUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Harrington, JosephUniversity of Central FloridaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Knutson, Heather A.California Institute of TechnologyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kreidberg, LauraMax Planck Institute for AstronomyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
López-Morales, MercedesHarvard & SmithsonianUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shporer, AviMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sing, David K.Johns Hopkins UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stevenson, Kevin B.Johns Hopkins UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Aggarwal, KeshavIndian Institute of TechnologyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ahrer, Eva-MariaUniversity of WarwickUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alam, Munazza K.Carnegie Institution for ScienceUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bell, Taylor J.NASA Ames Research CenterUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Blecic, JasminaNew York University Abu DhabiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Caceres, ClaudioUniversidad Andres BelloUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Carter, Aarynn L.University of California Santa CruzUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Casewell, Sarah L.University of LeicesterUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Crouzet, NicolasUniversity of LeidenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cubillos, Patricio E.INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di TorinoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Decin, LeenKU LeuvenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fortney, Jonathan J.University of California Santa CruzUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gibson, Neale P.Trinity College DublinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Heng, KevinLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henning, ThomasUniversity of Central FloridaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Iro, NicolasUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-418X138155548
Kendrew, SarahSpace Telescope Science InstituteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lagage, Pierre-OlivierUniversité Paris-SaclayUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Leconte, JérémyUniversité de BordeauxUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lendl, MonikaUniversité de GenèveUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lothringer, Joshua D.Utah Valley UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mancini, LuigiUniversity of RomeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mikal-Evans, ThomasMax Planck Institute for AstronomyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Molaverdikhani, KaranLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nikolov, Nikolay K.Space Telescope Science InstituteUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ohno, KazumasaUniversity of California Santa CruzUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palle, EnricInstituto de Astrofísica de CanariasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Piaulet, CarolineUniversité de MontréalUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Redfield, SethWesleyan UniversityUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Roy, Pierre-AlexisUniversité de MontréalUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tsai, Shang-MinUniversity of California, RiversideUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Venot, OliviaUniversité de Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est CreteilUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wheatley, Peter J.University of WarwickUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:31 May 2023
Journal or Publication Title:Nature
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
DOI:10.1038/s41586-023-06230-1
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:0028-0836
Status:Published
Keywords:exoplanets hot Jupiter JWST
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Space Exploration
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R EW - Space Exploration
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - Project PLATO - PMC and Science
Location: Berlin-Adlershof
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Planetary Research > Extrasolar Planets and Atmospheres
Deposited By: Iro, Nicolas
Deposited On:06 Jul 2023 09:08
Last Modified:01 Dec 2023 03:00

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