Montenbruck, Oliver and Steigenberger, Peter and Sleewaegen, Jean-Marie (2023) Data + pilot biases in modern GNSS signals. GPS Solutions, 27 (3). Springer. doi: 10.1007/s10291-023-01448-y. ISSN 1080-5370.
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Abstract
While traditional GNSS signals are always modulated with navigation data, various modern signals provide a distinct pilot channel without data modulation to support long coherent integration times. Intra-signal biases between the data and pilot components of such signals are evaluated for satellites of the GPS, Galileo, BeiDou-3, and QZSS constellations using measurements from a dedicated set of receivers. Peak values of about 2 ns are obtained for the GPS L5 signal, while slightly smaller values of up to 1 ns apply for the B1C and B2a signals of BeiDou-3 as well as the QZSS L1C signal. For Galileo E1 and E5a/b, data-pilot biases are confined to less than 0.1-0.3 ns, which is typically less than other pseudorange errors for these signals. Fully negligible values of <0.05 ns are obtained for the L1C and L2C signals of GPS as well as the L2C signal of QZSS in accord with expectations for time-multiplexed or interlaced modulations. To support consistent processing of multi-GNSS data in heterogenous networks, biases between combined data+pilot tracking and pilot-only tracking are derived in a dedicated zero-baseline receiver test bed. The analysis confirms the general understanding that biases between combined and pilot-only pseudoranges amount to a fixed fraction of the corresponding data-pilot biases. This fraction depends on the power sharing of the data and pilot component in the respective signals and amounts to 50% in most cases. The results of this study are expected to remove the prevailing problem of two distinct receiver groups in the generation of satellite clock and bias products by the International GNSS Service and to enable a rigorous and consistent use of these products by multi-GNSS users.
Item URL in elib: | https://elib.dlr.de/194781/ | ||||||||||||||||
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Document Type: | Article | ||||||||||||||||
Title: | Data + pilot biases in modern GNSS signals | ||||||||||||||||
Authors: |
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Date: | 20 April 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | GPS Solutions | ||||||||||||||||
Refereed publication: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
Open Access: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
Gold Open Access: | No | ||||||||||||||||
In SCOPUS: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
In ISI Web of Science: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
Volume: | 27 | ||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1007/s10291-023-01448-y | ||||||||||||||||
Publisher: | Springer | ||||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 1080-5370 | ||||||||||||||||
Status: | Published | ||||||||||||||||
Keywords: | Biases, Data channel, Pilot channel, combined tracking | ||||||||||||||||
HGF - Research field: | Aeronautics, Space and Transport | ||||||||||||||||
HGF - Program: | Space | ||||||||||||||||
HGF - Program Themes: | Space System Technology | ||||||||||||||||
DLR - Research area: | Raumfahrt | ||||||||||||||||
DLR - Program: | R SY - Space System Technology | ||||||||||||||||
DLR - Research theme (Project): | R - Infrastructure, Flight Dynamics, GPS | ||||||||||||||||
Location: | Oberpfaffenhofen | ||||||||||||||||
Institutes and Institutions: | Space Operations and Astronaut Training | ||||||||||||||||
Deposited By: | Montenbruck, Dr.rer.nat.hab. Oliver | ||||||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 02 May 2023 10:52 | ||||||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 28 Nov 2023 13:08 |
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