Estimating Uncertainty of Deep Learning Multi-Label Classifications Using Laplace Approximation

Abstract

Deep learning methods have become valuable tools in remote sensing for tasks like aerial scene classification or land cover analysis. Dealing with noisy and very varying data, the need for reliable confidence statements becomes apparent. While deep learning models are known to yield overconfident pre- dictions, quantifying the model uncertainty of those classi- fiers can help mitigating that effect. Although uncertainty es- timation methods for multi-class classification have been pub- lished, multi-label classification - the task of labelling data with multiple class labels simultaneously - has hardly been considered yet. In this study, we use multi-label Laplace Ap- proximation to estimate the model uncertainty of deep multi- label classifiers and show how this method can improve cali- bration and out-of-distribution detection in the remote sensing domain.