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Degradation processes on ice-cored moraines on Svalbard: a terrestrial analog for Mars

Desjardins, Marine und Hauber, Ernst und Bucher, Tilman und Gessner, Matthias und Hiesinger, H. und Schmedemann, N. und Johnsson, Andreas und Ellermann, Fabian und Sassenroth, C. und Brauchle, Jörg und Conway, S. und Noblet, A. (2022) Degradation processes on ice-cored moraines on Svalbard: a terrestrial analog for Mars. Europlanet Science Congress EPSC 2022, 2022-09-18 - 2022-09-23, Granada, Spanien. doi: 10.5194/epsc2022-1035.

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Offizielle URL: https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC2022/EPSC2022-1035.html

Kurzfassung

The mid-latitudes of Mars host a large amount of buried ice deposits, which bear a record on the very Late Amazonian climate evolution (107 to 108 yr.) and are a possible resource for future exploration. The reconstruction of the history of these ice reservoirs and the characterization of their current state is critical to enable putting constraints on the interplay between climate change, volatile migration and landform evolution. Examination of terrestrial analogs can help to identify similarities and equally important differences between the response of buried ice on Mars and Earth to changing environmental parameters. Here we report on our long-term investigations of an ice-cored moraine on Svalbard, a proxy for mid-latitude debris-covered glacier on Mars. Our study area is an ice-cored lateral moraine of Kongsvegen glacier on the southern shore of Kongsforden in NW Spitsbergen (Svalbard). This site is subject to rapid degradation by melting and redistribution of surficial sediment, e.g., by thaw slumps and debris flows. We couple multi-year fieldwork with repeat remote-sensing observations. Fieldwork includes DGPS-supported monitoring of surface changes by several imaging methods comparisons to environmental data. In 2008, a flight campaign with HRSC-AX (an airborne version of DLR’s High Resolution Stereo Camera on Mars Express) provided orthoimages (20 cm/px) and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM; 50 cm ground sampling distance, GSD). In 2020 a repeat campaign with DLR’s MACS (Modular Airborne Camera System) achieved ground pixel sizes between 5 cm and 10 cm for RGB images, and 10 cm to 15 cm for NIR images. The associated DEM has the same resolution. MACS also acquires TIR data,which we use to identify regions with anomalous temperatures (e.g., exposed ice). We use for detailed mapping of ice-rich viscous flow features on Mars. This study focuses on the Nereidum Montes area in the northern part of the Argyre basin. Image analysis, mapping of landforms and documentation of results were carried out using the QGIS software. A difference DEM was generated to determine the elevation differences (i.e. volume changes) on the ice-cored moraine between 2008 and 2020. Hillshade layers were created for each dataset to facilitate quick visual identification of morphological changes. Slump scars were digitized in 2008 and 2020 on orthoimages and hillshade views, and prominent slumps of 2020 (most recent, visible and best preserved) have been geomorphologically mapped with a focus on buried dead ice, collapsed sediment, and the relative activity of mud flows. Image analysis and mapping of Martian landforms is currently ongoing. Regarding the detailed mapping of slumps, the area corresponding to the buried dead ice, mapped with the TIR channel, can vary in shape and size depending on the shape of headscarp and the other units, i.e. the collapsed sediments and the mudflows. The collapsed sediments are washed away by the mudflows. The mudflow seems more active near the previously exposed dead ice. Therefore, the degradation of ice-cored moraines takes place mainly through the melting of the ice, which leads to mass wasting and rapid degradation. As Mars does not have the same climatic conditions, it is interesting to see whether the same landforms can be found on it at a very local scale. The Mars case study displays gullies, arcuate ridges with small gullies superposed on their slopes, flow features and also possible sublimation features such as pitted terrain, broad pits, and lineated patterned ground. The area is also filled with washboard terrain which is only found at steep slopes, above the lobate flow feature. It is marked by a close alternation of closely-spaced scarps which are parallel to the contour lines (possible evidence for paraglacial sacking). Tension cracks are also found at the ridges and parallel to gully headscarps indicating recent activity. These tension cracks may be similar to headscarp retreats on backwasting processes on ice-cored moraines. The ice-cored ridge or arcuate ridge may still undergo degradation. The first results show that the degradation processes are rather related to potential ice sublimation and that signs of melting ice, if they exist on Mars, are not strongly encountered, which is consistent with the studies on very Late Amazonian climate evolution.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/188844/
Dokumentart:Konferenzbeitrag (Vortrag)
Titel:Degradation processes on ice-cored moraines on Svalbard: a terrestrial analog for Mars
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Desjardins, MarineDLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, GermanyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Hauber, ErnstErnst.Hauber (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-304XNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Bucher, TilmanTilman.Bucher (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-7211NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Gessner, Matthiasmatthias.gessner (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-3328-0811NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Hiesinger, H.Institute für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, GermanyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Schmedemann, N.Institute für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, GermanyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Johnsson, AndreasUniversity of Gothenburg, Göteborg, SwedenNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Ellermann, FabianDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Sassenroth, C.Università di Pisa, Pisa, ItalyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Brauchle, JörgJoerg.Brauchle (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-7643NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Conway, S.Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique–UMR CNRS 6112, Nantes, FranceNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Noblet, A.Laboratoire Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes, LPGN/CNRS, Université NantesNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:2022
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Open Access:Nein
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Nein
In ISI Web of Science:Nein
Band:16
DOI:10.5194/epsc2022-1035
Seitenbereich:EPSC2022-1035
Name der Reihe:EPSC Abstracts
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Permafrost, climate change, ice, periglacial, glacial, Svalbard, geomorphology, geology, terrestrial analogues, Mars, HRSC, MACS, remote sensing, field work
Veranstaltungstitel:Europlanet Science Congress EPSC 2022
Veranstaltungsort:Granada, Spanien
Veranstaltungsart:internationale Konferenz
Veranstaltungsbeginn:18 September 2022
Veranstaltungsende:23 September 2022
Veranstalter :Europlanet Society
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Raumfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Raumfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:R EO - Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):R - Projekt Polar Monitor
Standort: Berlin-Adlershof
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Planetenforschung > Planetengeologie
Institut für Optische Sensorsysteme > Echtzeit-Datenprozessierung
Institut für Optische Sensorsysteme > Sicherheitsforschung und Anwendungen
Hinterlegt von: Bucher, Tilman
Hinterlegt am:10 Nov 2022 13:26
Letzte Änderung:24 Apr 2024 20:50

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