Development of Data Assimilation Systems for the Ionosphere, Thermosphere, and Mesosphere

Abstract

The past decade saw the development of several data assimilation systems for the ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere (ITM). To fully realize the capabilities of ITM data assimilation systems for both scientific investigations and operations, several critical advances are needed. This white paper outlines some of the outstanding challenges facing ITM data assimilation that need to be addressed in the coming decade in order to achieve robust, high-quality, ITM data assimilation systems. Benefits to both the scientific and operational communities of advancing ITM data assimilation capabilities are also provided. These include, but are not limited to, providing the framework for investigating ITM predictability, scientific investigations into day-to-day ITM variability driven by the lower atmosphere and geomagnetic storms, as well as advancing space weather forecasting capabilities.