DLR's Technical Annex to the 2nd Year Progress Report of the European Project AEROSHAPE

Abstract

The emphasis of the second year of the European Project AEROSHAPE has been the extension of the optimization tools. Consequently DLR focused on the extension of the continuous adjoint approach to handle arbitrary aerodynamic constraints and complex 3D geometries. Therefore the adjoint Euler solver FLOWer has been extended to the adjoint boundary treatments necessary to obtain the adjoint gradients of lift and pitching moment. Previously, only the adjoint boundary treatments of the optimization problems of drag reduction and drag reduction by constant lift were available. A feasible direction method, by which the projection of the gradient of the cost function onto the orthogonal subspace of the aerodynamic constraints is used, has been developed. Furthermore, a surface formulation for the adjoint gradients of drag, lift and pitching moment has been derived, implemented and validated.