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Aircraft routing with minimal climate impact: The REACT4C climate cost function modelling approach (V1.0)

Grewe, Volker and Frömming, Christine and Matthes, Sigrun and Brinkop, Sabine and Ponater, Michael and Dietmüller, Simone and Jöckel, Patrick and Garny, Hella and Tsati, Eleni and Dahlmann, Katrin and Sovde, O.A. and Fuglestvedt, J.S. and Berntsen, T. and Shine, K.P. and Irvine, Emma A. and Champougny, T. and Hullah, P. (2014) Aircraft routing with minimal climate impact: The REACT4C climate cost function modelling approach (V1.0). Geoscientific Model Development, 7, pp. 175-201. Copernicus Publications. doi: 10.5194/gmd-7-175-2014. ISSN 1991-959X.

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Abstract

In addition to CO2, the climate impact of aviation is strongly influenced by non-CO2 emissions, such as nitrogen oxides, influencing ozone and methane, and water vapour, which can lead to the formation of persistent contrails in ice supersaturated regions. Because these non-CO2 emission effects are characterised by a short lifetime, their climate impact largely depends on emission location and time, i.e. emissions in certain locations (or times) can lead to a greater climate impact (even on the global average) than the same emission in other locations (or times). Avoiding these climate sensitive regions might thus be beneficial to climate. Here, we describe a modelling chain for investigating this climate impact mitigation option. It forms a multi-step modelling approach, starting with the simulation of the fate of emissions released at a certain location and time (time-region grid points). This is performed with the chemistry–climate model EMAC, extended by the two submodels AIRTRAC (V1.0) and CONTRAIL (V1.0), which describe the contribution of emissions to the composition of the atmosphere and to contrail formation, respectively. The impact of emissions from the large number of time-region grid points is efficiently calculated by applying a Lagrangian scheme. EMAC also includes the calculation of radiative impacts, which are, in a second step, the input to climate metric formulas describing the global climate impact of the mission at each time-region grid point. The result of the modelling chain comprises a four dimensional dataset in space and time, which we call climate cost functions, and which describe at each grid point and each point in time, the global climate impact of an emission. In a third step, these climate cost functions are used in an air traffic simulator (SAAM), coupled to an emission tool (AEM) to optimise aircraft trajectories for the North Atlantic region. Here, we describe the details of this new modelling approach and show some example results. A number of sensitivity analyses are performed to motivate the settings of individual parameters. A stepwise sanity check of the results of the modelling chain is undertaken to demonstrate the plausibility of the climate cost functions.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/87951/
Document Type:Article
Title:Aircraft routing with minimal climate impact: The REACT4C climate cost function modelling approach (V1.0)
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Grewe, VolkerDLR, IPAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-6783UNSPECIFIED
Frömming, ChristineDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Matthes, SigrunDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brinkop, SabineDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ponater, MichaelDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dietmüller, SimoneDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jöckel, PatrickDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Garny, HellaDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tsati, EleniDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dahlmann, KatrinDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sovde, O.A.CICEROUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fuglestvedt, J.S.CICERO, Oslo, NUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berntsen, T.Univ. of Oslo, Oslo, NUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shine, K.P.Univ. of Reading, Reading, UKUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Irvine, Emma A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Champougny, T.EurocontrolUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hullah, P.EurocontrolUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:28 January 2014
Journal or Publication Title:Geoscientific Model Development
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:Yes
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:7
DOI:10.5194/gmd-7-175-2014
Page Range:pp. 175-201
Publisher:Copernicus Publications
ISSN:1991-959X
Status:Published
Keywords:Climate mitigation, aircraft emissions, ozone, NOx, contrails, warming
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Aeronautics
HGF - Program Themes:ATM and Operation (old)
DLR - Research area:Aeronautics
DLR - Program:L AO - Air Traffic Management and Operation
DLR - Research theme (Project):L - Climate, Weather and Environment (old)
Location: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Atmospheric Physics
Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Atmospheric Dynamics
Deposited By: Grewe, Prof. Dr. Volker
Deposited On:03 Feb 2014 08:21
Last Modified:14 Nov 2023 13:08

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