Critical Analysis of ESA’s Ariane 6 Linear Multi-Booster Configuration

Abstract

In 2013 the European Space Agency released a document specifying the requirements of Key Launcher Elements (KLE) for the proposed Ariane 6 launch vehicle based on predominantly solid motor architecture. As a response, this study aims to conduct a critical analysis of the trajectory and payload performance with the given KLE. An aerodynamic and mass model is created for this purpose with the largest/smallest permitted (boundary) values given by ESA. Additionally, the solid motor performance is also evaluated with available data. Critical unavailable data are filled in based on related existing studies or from currently reached consensuses. The resulting payload performance to a Geostationary Transfer Orbit is calculated. A sensitivity analysis on the upper stage propellant loading is performed and compared to the 32 tons stipulated by ESA. The impact on payload by both ESA’s upper stage target mass and a structural index derived from Ariane 5 Mid-Life Evolution upper stage is assessed.