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Mineralogy and morphology of geologic units at Libya Montes, Mars: Ancient aqueous outcrops, mafic flows, fluvial features and impacts

Bishop, Janice L. and Tirsch, Daniela and Tornabene, Livio L. and Jaumann, Ralf and McEwan, Alfred S. and McGuire, Patrick and Ody, Anouck and Poulet, Francois and Clark, Roger and Parente, Mario and Voigt, Joana and Aydin, Zeynep and Bamberg, Marlene and Petau, Andreas and McKeown, Nancy and Mustard, John F. and Hash, Christopher and Murchie, Scott L. and Swayze, Gregg and Neukum, Gerhard and Seelos, Frank (2013) Mineralogy and morphology of geologic units at Libya Montes, Mars: Ancient aqueous outcrops, mafic flows, fluvial features and impacts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 118, pp. 487-513. Wiley. doi: 10.1029/2012JE004151. ISSN 0148-0227.

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Abstract

There is ample evidence of ancient and long-lasting fluvial activity and chemical alteration in the Libya Montes region south of Isidis Basin. The region hosts Noachian to Amazonian aged surface rocks with extensive outcrops of olivine- and pyroxene-bearing material. Libya Montes also features surface outcrops and/or deposits hosting Fe/Mg-smectite, Fe/Mg-smectite mixed with carbonate and/or other Fe/Mg-rich phyllosilicates, and Al-smectite. These aqueous materials likely formed from chemical alteration connected with hydrothermal activity resulting from the formation of the Isidis Basin and/or the pervasive fluvial activity throughout this region. The morphology and stratigraphy of the aqueous and mafic minerals are described using High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) and High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) derived Digital Terrain Models (DTMs). Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) analyses show variations in the chemistry of the Fe/Mg-smectite from nontronite like exposures with spectral features near 2.29 and 2.4 μm more consistent with Fe3OH groups in the mineral structure, and saponite-like outcrops with spectral features near 2.31 and 2.38 μm characteristic of Mg2OH groups. These Fe/Mg-smectite bearing materials also have bands near 1.9 μm due to H2O and near 2.5 μm that could be due to the smectite, other phyllosilicates, and carbonates. All regions exhibiting carbonate features near 3.4-3.5 μm also have features consistent with the presence of olivine and Fe/Mg-smectite, indicating that the carbonate signatures occur in rocks likely containing a mixture of these minerals. The Al-smectite-bearing rocks have bands near 1.41, 1.91 and 2.19 μm that are more consistent with beidellite than other Al-phyllosilicates, indicating a higher-temperature or diurnally processed origin for this material. Our interpretation of the geologic history of this region is that ancient Noachian basaltic crustal materials experienced extensive aqueous alteration at the time of the Isidis impact, during which the montes were also formed, followed by emplacement of a rough olivine-rich lava or melt and finally the smooth pyroxene-bearing caprock unit.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/78215/
Document Type:Article
Title:Mineralogy and morphology of geologic units at Libya Montes, Mars: Ancient aqueous outcrops, mafic flows, fluvial features and impacts
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Bishop, Janice L.SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, Mountain View, CA, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tirsch, DanielaUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5905-5426UNSPECIFIED
Tornabene, Livio L.4University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jaumann, RalfUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McEwan, Alfred S.Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McGuire, PatrickDepartment of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ody, AnouckInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatial, IAS, Orsay Cedex, FranceUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Poulet, FrancoisInstitut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS Université Paris- Sud, Orsay, FranceUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Clark, RogerU.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Parente, MarioDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Voigt, JoanaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Aydin, ZeynepUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bamberg, MarleneUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Petau, AndreasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McKeown, NancyDepartment of Physical Sciences, Grant MacEwan University, Edmonton AB T5J 4S2, CanadaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mustard, John F.Brown University, Providence, R.I., USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hash, ChristopherApplied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Murchie, Scott L.The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Swayze, GreggInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatial, IAS, Orsay Cedex, FranceUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neukum, GerhardFreie Universität BerlinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Seelos, FrankApplied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:January 2013
Journal or Publication Title:Journal of Geophysical Research
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:No
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:118
DOI:10.1029/2012JE004151
Page Range:pp. 487-513
Publisher:Wiley
ISSN:0148-0227
Status:Published
Keywords:Mars, remote sensing, mineralogy, reflectance spectroscopy, fluvial features
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Space Exploration
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R EW - Space Exploration
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - Projekt MARS-EXPRESS / HRSC (old)
Location: Berlin-Adlershof
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Planetary Research > Planetary Geology
Deposited By: Tirsch, Daniela
Deposited On:19 Apr 2013 14:25
Last Modified:29 Mar 2023 00:16

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