PIV Measurement of Secondary Flow in a Rotating Twp-Pass Cooling System with an Improved Sequencer Technique

Abstract

The flow field characteristics of a two-pass cooling system with an engine-similar lay-out have been investigated experimentally using the non-intrusive Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). It consists of a trapezoidal inlet duct, a nearly rectangular outlet duct, and a sharp 180 degree turn. The system has been investigated with smooth and ribbed walls. Ribs are applied on two opposite walls in a symmetric orientation inclined with an angle of 45 degrees to the main flow direction. The configuration was analyzed with the planar two component PIV technique (2C PIV), which is capable of obtaining complete maps of the instantaneous as well as the averaged flow field even at high levels of turbulence. In the past, slip between motor and channel rotation causes additional not negligible uncertainties during PIV measurements due to unstable image position. These were caused by the working principle of the standard programmable sequencer unit used in combination with unsteady variations of the rotation speed. Therefore, a new sequencer was developed using FPGA-based hardware and software components from National Instruments which revealed a significant increase of the stability of the image position. Furthermore, general enhancements of the operability of the PIV system were achieved. The presented investigations of the secondary flow were conducted in stationary and, with the new sequencer technique applied, in rotating mode. Especially in the bend region vortices with high local turbulence were found. The ribs also change the fluid motion as desired by generating additional vortices impinging the leading edge of the first pass. The flow is turbulent and isothermal, no buoyancy forces are active. The flow was investigated at Reynolds number of Re = 50,000, based on the reference length d (see Fig. 3). The rotation number is Ro = 0 (non-rotating) and 0.1. This investigation is aimed to analyze the complex flow phenomena caused by the interaction of several vortices, generated by rotation, flow turning or inclined wall ribs. The flow maps obtained with PIV are of good quality and high spatial resolution and therefore provide a test case for the development and validation of numerical flow simulation tools with special regard to prediction of flow turbulence under rotational flow regime as typical for turbomachinery. Future work will include the investigation of buoyancy effects to the rotational flow. This implicates wall heating which result from the heater glass in order to provide transparent models.