Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computational Fluid Dynamics of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)

Abstract

In order to better understand the mechanisms of gas transport during High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast gases and numerical flow simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) methods are performed. Validation of these new techniques is conducted by comparing the results obtained with simplified models of the trachea and a first lung bifurcation as well as in a cast model of the upper central airways with results achieved from conventional fluid mechanical measurement techniques like e.g. Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). Further it is demonstrated that MRI of experimental HFOV is feasible and that Hyperpolarized 3^He allows for imaging the gas re-distribution inside the lung. Finally, numerical results of oscillatory flow in a 3^rd generation model of the lung as well as the impact of endotracheal tubes on the flow regime development in a trachea model are presented