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The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source

Schumann, Ulrich und Huntrieser, Heidi (2007) The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, Seiten 3823-3907. Copernicus Publications.

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Offizielle URL: http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp.html

Kurzfassung

The knowledge of the lightning-induced nitrogen oxides (LNOx) source is important for understanding and predicting the nitrogen oxides and ozone distributions in the troposphere and their trends, the oxidising capacity of the atmosphere, and the lifetime of trace gases destroyed by reactions with OH. This knowledge is further required for the assessment of other important NOx sources, in particular from aviation emissions, the stratosphere, and from surface sources, and for understanding the possible feedback between climate changes and lightning. This paper reviews more than 3 decades of research. The review includes laboratory studies as well as surface, airborne and satellite-based observations of lightning and of NOx and related species in the atmosphere. Relevant data available from measurements in regions with strong LNOx influence are identified, including recent observations at midlatitudes and over tropical continents where most lightning occurs. Various methods to model LNOx at cloud scales or globally are described. Previous estimates are re-evaluated using the global annual mean flash frequency of 445 s-1 reported from OTD satellite data. From the review, mainly of airborne measurements near thunderstorms and cloud-resolving models, we conclude that a “typical” thunderstorm flash produces 15 (2-40)1025 NO molecules per flash, equivalent to 250 mol NOx or 3.5 kg of N mass per flash with uncertainty factor from 0.13 to 2.7. Mainly as a result of global model studies for various LNOx parameterisations tested with related observations, the best estimate of the annual global LNOx nitrogen mass source and its uncertainty range is (53) Tg a-1 in this study. In spite of a smaller global flash rate, the best estimate is essentially the same as in some earlier reviews, implying larger flash-specific NOx emissions. The paper estimates the LNOx accuracy required for various applications and lays out strategies for improving estimates in the future. An accuracy of about 1 Tg a-1 or 20%, as necessary in particular for understanding tropical tropospheric chemistry, is still a challenging goal.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/49826/
Dokumentart:Zeitschriftenbeitrag
Titel:The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Schumann, UlrichNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Huntrieser, HeidiNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:2007
Erschienen in:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Ja
Gold Open Access:Ja
In SCOPUS:Ja
In ISI Web of Science:Ja
Band:7
Seitenbereich:Seiten 3823-3907
Verlag:Copernicus Publications
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:lightning, Nitrogen oxides, review
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Luftfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:L VU - Luftverkehr und Umwelt (alt)
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Luftfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:L VU - Luftverkehr und Umwelt
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):L - Schadstoffarmer Luftverkehr (alt)
Standort: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre > Atmosphärische Spurenstoffe
Hinterlegt von: Schumann, Prof.Dr.habil. Ulrich
Hinterlegt am:26 Jul 2007
Letzte Änderung:02 Mai 2019 14:03

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