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Broad- and narrowband visible imaging of comet 9P/Tempel 1 at ESO around the time of the Deep Impact event

Boehnhardt, H. and Pompei, E. and Tozzi, G. and Hainaut, O. and Ageorges, N. and Bagnulo, S. and Barrera, L. and Bonev, T. and Käufl, H. and Kerber, F. and LoCurto, G. and Marco, O. and Pantin, E. and Rauer, H. and Saviane, I. and Selman, F. and Sterken, C. and Weiler, M. (2007) Broad- and narrowband visible imaging of comet 9P/Tempel 1 at ESO around the time of the Deep Impact event. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 470 (3), pp. 1175-1184. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20066577. ISSN 0004-6361.

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Abstract

Context.On 4 July 2005 at 05:52UT the impactor of NASA's DeepImpact (DI) mission exploded at comet 9P/Tempel 1. The ejecta material of the impact expanded into the coma that is produced by normal cometary activity. The La Silla and Paranal sites of the European Southern Observatory ESO in Chile participated in the world-wide campaign to observe this event. Aims.The gas and dust content of the cometary coma is observed around the time of the DI event to identify signatures of the impact, like changes in the gas production (CN, C<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>2</sub> and Na) and in the dust properties. The study also describes the normal activity pattern in the coma and the expanding ejecta cloud. Methods.The gas production rates and the dust reddening slope are measured in images obtained through narrowband cometary filters. The ejecta cloud and the features of normal cometary activity, as imaged in narrow- and broadband filter images, are studied with respect to geometry, intensity, and persistence. Results.The production of CN, C<sub>3</sub>, and C<sub>2</sub> gas by the nucleus is at similar level on 3 July and 9+10 July 2005. The mixing ratios of these gases are in the range of those for "typical" comets. NH<sub>2</sub> and Na gas are not detected above the dust continuum flux in the coma. The reddening slope of the dust continuum changes from a value of 9%/100 nm, constant throughout 20 000 km distance around the nucleus, on 3 July to about 19-20%/100 nm on 9+10 July 2005. An increase of the slope with radial distance is found. Both changes might be due to the presence of dust from the ejecta cloud. The dust coma of the comet showed a porcupine pattern of 9 coma jets before impact which remained intact after impact. It can be interpreted as being due to embedded fan structures produced by at least 4 active regions on the rotating nucleus. The ejecta cloud contains dust grains of likely absorbing material and possibly dielectric admixtures with solar radiation pressure factors beta of 0.2-1.9 and ejection velocities of 160-370 m s<sup>-1</sup>. The ejecta cloud is optically thin 21 h after impact and shows a higher surface brightness and redder color in the sunward sector compared to the tailward side.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/48784/
Document Type:Article
Title:Broad- and narrowband visible imaging of comet 9P/Tempel 1 at ESO around the time of the Deep Impact event
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iD
Boehnhardt, H.Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research,UNSPECIFIED
Pompei, E.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Tozzi, G.INAF Arcetri ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Hainaut, O.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Ageorges, N.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Bagnulo, S.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Barrera, L.Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la EducacionUNSPECIFIED
Bonev, T.Bulgarian Academy of SciencesUNSPECIFIED
Käufl, H.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Kerber, F.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
LoCurto, G.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Marco, O.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Pantin, E.Commissariat Energie AtomiqueUNSPECIFIED
Rauer, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Saviane, I.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Selman, F.European Southern ObservatoryUNSPECIFIED
Sterken, C.Vrije Universitet Brussel PleinlaanUNSPECIFIED
Weiler, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:2007
Journal or Publication Title:Astronomy and Astrophysics
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:No
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:No
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:470
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20066577
Page Range:pp. 1175-1184
ISSN:0004-6361
Status:Published
Keywords:Tempel 1, Deep Impact, comets
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport (old)
HGF - Program:Space (old)
HGF - Program Themes:W EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Research area:Space
DLR - Program:W EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Research theme (Project):W - Vorhaben Extrasolare Planeten (old)
Location: Berlin-Adlershof
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Planetary Research > Extrasolar Planets and Atmospheres
Deposited By: Paris, Philip
Deposited On:23 Jul 2007
Last Modified:27 Apr 2009 13:50

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