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The high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) experiment on Mars Express: Instrument aspects and experiment conduct from interplanetary cruise through nominal mission

Jaumann, R. and Neukum, G. and Behnke, T. and Duxbury, T. C. and Eichentopf, K. and Flohrer, J. and van Gasselt, S. and Giese, B. and Gwinner, K. and Hauber, E. and Hoffmann, H. and Hoffmeister, A. and Köhler, U. and Matz, K.-D. and McCord, T. B. and Mertens, V. and Oberst, J. and Pischel, R. and Reiss, D. and Ress, E. and Roatsch, T. and Saiger, P. and Scholten, F. and Schwarz, Gottfried and Stephan, K. and Wählisch, M. and HRSC Co-Investigator Team, (2007) The high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) experiment on Mars Express: Instrument aspects and experiment conduct from interplanetary cruise through nominal mission. Planetary and Space Science, 55 (7-8), pp. 928-952. Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.psss.2006.12.003. ISSN 0032-0633.

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Abstract

ESA's Mars Express has successfully completed its nominal mission of one Martian year covering about 25% of the surface in stereo and color with resolutions up to 10 m/pixel by its high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC). Mars Express is now in its extended mission phase, during which much of the remaining part of the Martian surface is envisaged to be covered in stereo and color. The HRSC instrument is designed to map the morphology, topography, structure and geologic context of the surface as well as atmospheric phenomena. This paper discusses the measurement principles and operations of the instrument as well as the acquisition, calibration and processing of regional and global data sets. As HRSC is a push-broom scanning instrument with nine CCD line detectors mounted in parallel on a focal plane, its unique feature is the ability to obtain near-simultaneous imaging data at high resolution, with along-track triple stereo, four colors and five different phase angles, avoiding any time-dependent variations of the observing conditions. The HRSC spatial resolution is 10 m/pixel at the nominal periapsis altitude of 250 km, with an image swath of 53 km, and 2.3 m/pixel for an additional framing CCD device, called super resolution channel (SRC), practically working as an additional tenth channel of the HRSC and yielding nested-in black and white images for studies of small-scale geologic features. The sub-pixel accuracy of the three-dimensional point determination allows the derivation of digital terrain models (DTMs) with a grid size of up to 50 m and a height accuracy of a single pixel with up to 10 m, thus enabling us to carry out detailed quantitative analyses of the surface structure. The HRSC (1) bridges the gap between the medium–high-resolution Viking imagery and the very-high-resolution Global Surveyor mission, thus providing geological context, and (2) fills the gaps in the three-dimensional coverage and DTM grid of the MOLA laser altimetry data, and (3) helps characterize landing sites for in-situ measurements. HRSC also builds the basis for extended compositional mapping when combining spectral information with topographic photomaps over large areas. So far the HRSC measurements have made a significant contribution to the study of the evolution of volcanism and the role of water and ice throughout the Martian history.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/48241/
Document Type:Article
Title:The high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) experiment on Mars Express: Instrument aspects and experiment conduct from interplanetary cruise through nominal mission
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Jaumann, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neukum, G.Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geosciences, Planetology and Remoete Sensing, Berlin, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Behnke, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Duxbury, T. C.Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eichentopf, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Flohrer, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Gasselt, S.Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geosciences, Planetology and Remoete Sensing, Berlin, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Giese, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gwinner, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hauber, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hoffmann, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hoffmeister, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Köhler, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Matz, K.-D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McCord, T. B.Space Science Institute, Winthrop, WA, USAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mertens, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Oberst, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pischel, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Reiss, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ress, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Roatsch, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Saiger, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Scholten, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schwarz, GottfriedUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stephan, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wählisch, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
HRSC Co-Investigator Team, UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:2007
Journal or Publication Title:Planetary and Space Science
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:No
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:No
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:55
DOI:10.1016/j.psss.2006.12.003
Page Range:pp. 928-952
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0032-0633
Status:Published
Keywords:Planetary missions, Mars, Mars Express, Imaging instruments, HRSC, Stereo imaging
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport (old)
HGF - Program:Space (old)
HGF - Program Themes:W EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Research area:Space
DLR - Program:W EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Research theme (Project):W - Projekt MARS-EXPRESS / HRSC (old)
Location: Berlin-Adlershof , Oberpfaffenhofen
Institutes and Institutions:Remote Sensing Technology Institute
Institute of Planetary Research
Remote Sensing Technology Institute > Photogrammetry and Image Analysis
Deposited By: Pieth, Susanne
Deposited On:25 Jan 2008
Last Modified:27 Apr 2009 13:44

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