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Solar Sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) Mission Design Tradeoffs for Impacting and Deflecting Asteroid 99942 Apophis

Dachwald, Bernd und Kahle, Ralph und Wie, Bong (2006) Solar Sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) Mission Design Tradeoffs for Impacting and Deflecting Asteroid 99942 Apophis. Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, 2006-08-21 - 2006-08-24, Keystone. CO (USA).

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Kurzfassung

Near-Earth asteroid 99942 Apophis provides a typical example for the evolution of asteroid orbits that lead to Earth-impacts after a close Earth-encounter that results in a resonant return. Apophis will have a close Earth-encounter in 2029 with potential very close subsequent Earth-encounters (or even an impact) in 2036 or later, depending on whether it passes through one of several so-called gravitational keyholes during its 2029-encounter. Several pre-2029-deflection scenarios to prevent Apophis from doing this have been investigated so far. Because the keyholes are less than 1 km in size, a pre-2029 kinetic impact is clearly the best option because it requires only a small change in Apophis' orbit to nudge it out of a keyhole. A single solar sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) spacecraft that impacts Apophis from a retrograde trajectory with a very high relative velocity (75-80 km/s) during one of its perihelion passages at about 0.75 AU would be a feasible option to do this. The spacecraft consists of a 160 m x 160 m, 168 kg solar sail assembly and a 150 kg impactor. Although conventional spacecraft can also achieve the required minimum deflection of 1 km for this approx. 320 m-sized object from a prograde trajectory, our solar sail KEI concept also allows the deflection of larger objects. In this paper, we also show that, even after Apophis has flown through one of the gravitational keyholes in 2029, solar sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) spacecraft are still a feasible option to prevent Apophis from impacting the Earth, but many KEIs would be required for consecutive impacts to increase the total Earth-miss distance to a safe value. In this paper, we elaborate potential pre- and post-2029 KEI impact scenarios for a launch in 2020, and investigate tradeoffs between different mission parameters.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/47786/
Dokumentart:Konferenzbeitrag (Vortrag, Paper)
Zusätzliche Informationen:Paper is available via download at the AIAA website or the AIAA Meeting Paper CD
Titel:Solar Sail Kinetic Energy Impactor (KEI) Mission Design Tradeoffs for Impacting and Deflecting Asteroid 99942 Apophis
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Dachwald, BerndNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Kahle, RalphNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Wie, BongArizona State UniversityNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:August 2006
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Open Access:Nein
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Nein
In ISI Web of Science:Nein
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Solar Sail, Asteroid Deflection, Planetary Protection, Trajectory Optimization
Veranstaltungstitel:Astrodynamics Specialist Conference
Veranstaltungsort:Keystone. CO (USA)
Veranstaltungsart:internationale Konferenz
Veranstaltungsbeginn:21 August 2006
Veranstaltungsende:24 August 2006
Veranstalter :AIAA/AAS
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Verkehr und Weltraum (alt)
HGF - Programm:Weltraum (alt)
HGF - Programmthema:W - keine Zuordnung
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Weltraum
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:W - keine Zuordnung
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):W - keine Zuordnung (alt)
Standort: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institute & Einrichtungen:Raumflugbetrieb und Astronautentraining > GSOC-Deutsches Raumfahrtkontrollzentrum
Hinterlegt von: Dachwald, Dr.-Ing. Bernd
Hinterlegt am:10 Apr 2007
Letzte Änderung:24 Apr 2024 19:09

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