Influence of Cloud and Rainfall Characteristics on Brightness Temperature of the Earth Measured by Satellite.

Abstract

The results of model calculations of the upwelling microwave radiances at the frequencies of 22.235,37 and 75 GHz and data of temporal and spatial variations of the downwelling brightness temperature at the frequency 19.2 GHz are presented in this report. The influence of liquid water content in nonprecipitating clouds and water vapor on the brightness temperature over ocean and land are considered. The microwave emission calculations were carried out for nadir view angle for rainfall rates from 1 mm/h to 100 mm/h. The variation intensities of the atmospheric emission were obtained for cumuliform and stratiform precipitating clouds and for different temporal and spatial intervals.