Modularisation and Upscaling of high temperature heat pumps for industrial applications

Kurzfassung

The decarbonization of industrial heat represents a critical challenge in achieving global climate goals. High temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) offer a promising solution for replacing fossil fuel used for process heat production with renewable electricity, especially in temperature ranges above 100 °C. However, widespread adoption is currently hindered by limitations in capacity, efficiency, and system integration. This paper explores the upscaling and modularization of HTHPs as a strategic approach to overcome these barriers, especially for reverse-Brayton HTHPs with air as the working fluid. Through the activities carried out in the scope of the EU funded project SOLINDARITY (www.solindarity.eu), the scalable architecture and modular design principles that enable flexible deployment across diverse industrial sectors are presented and evaluated. Case studies from food processing, rubber processing, and paper manufacturing plants demonstrate the viability of modular HTHPs in retrofitting existing infrastructure. The findings highlight the importance of standardized components, advanced control systems and integrated thermal storage to enhance performance and adaptability. The paper aims to create a roadmap for industrial-scale implementation, emphasizing the role of innovation and cross-sector collaboration in accelerating the transition to clean industrial heat.