Unsteady force measurements on wind tunnel train models using multi-dimensional transfer functions to take into account natural oscillations

Abstract

Future high-speed trains must be faster and more lightweight to satisfy increasing demands on personal and freight transportation, as well as on the environmental impact of rail transportation. With higher speeds, the aerodynamics of a train become highly important. Both drag and side wind stability are focused on in research. So far, optimization has been done for stationary cases in quiet wind tunnel flow. However, the real surroundings of a train track like bridges, trees, etc. together with natural wind gusts provide a very unsteady incoming flow to the train.