Multi-objective optimization for European power system planning

Abstract

In power system planning, resource adequacy is defined as the availability of sufficient resources to meet demand. Modelling approaches that focus on resource adequacy at minimum cost are the de facto standard for studying future energy infrastructure needs. However, they consider key technologies and thus needed raw materials as available, if needed. We present a modelling approach that addresses the assessable limitations of critical raw materials by a novel instance of the REMix energy system optimization framework. The model uses multi-criteria optimization to identify technology mixes for a continental European power system that are Pareto-optimal in terms of system costs and system criticality. The latter is derived from aggregating criticality assessments from the raw material level to the sub�technology and finally system level. Compared to the cost minimum, first results show shifts from wind to solar power generation. Furthermore, the technology mix is dominated by single sub-technologies, such as wind energy converters without permanent magnets and lithium iron phosphate batteries.