Ejecta Evolution Following a Planned Impact into an Asteroid: The First Five Weeks

Kareta, Theodore and Thomas, Cristina and Li, Jian-Yang and Knight, Matthew M. and Moskovitz, Nicholas and Rożek, Agata and Bannister, Michele T. and Ieva, Simone and Snodgrass, Colin and Pravec, Petr and Ryan, Eileen V. and Ryan, William H. and Fahnestock, Eugene G. and Rivkin, Andrew S. and Chabot, Nancy and Fitzsimmons, Alan and Osip, David and Lister, Tim and Sarid, Gal and Hirabayashi, Masatoshi and Farnham, Tony and Tancredi, Gonzalo and Michel, Patrick and Wainscoat, Richard and Weryk, Rob and Burrati, Bonnie and Pittichová, Jana and Ridden-Harper, Ryan and Tan, Nicole J. and Tristram, Paul and Brown, Tyler and Bonavita, Mariangela and Burgdorf, Martin and Khalouei, Elahe and Longa, Penelope and Rabus, Markus and Sajadian, Sedighe and Jorgensen, Uffe Graae and Dominik, Martin and Kikwaya, Jean-Baptiste and Mazzotta Epifani, Elena and Dotto, Elisabetta and Deshapriya, Prasanna and Hasselmann, Pedro and Dall’Ora, Massimo and Abe, Lyu and Guillot, Tristan and Mékarnia, Djamel and Agabi, Abdelkrim and Bendjoya, Philippe and Suarez, Olga and Triaud, Amaury and Gasparetto, Thomas and Günther, Maximillian N. and Kueppers, Michael and Merin, Bruno and Chatelain, Joseph and Gomez, Edward and Usher, Helen and Stoddard-Jones, Cai and Bartnik, Matthew and Bellaver, Michael and Chetan, Brenna and Dugan, Emma and Fallon, Tori and Fedewa, Jeremy and Gerhard, Caitlyn and Jacobson, Seth A. and Painter, Shane and Peterson, David-Michael and Rodriguez, Joseph E. and Smith, Cody and Sokolovsky, Kirill V. and Sullivan, Hannah and Townley, Kate and Watson, Sarah and Webb, Levi and Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep M. and Llenas, Josep M. and Pérez-García, Ignacio and Castro-Tirado, A. J. and Vincent, Jean-Baptiste and Migliorini, Alessandra and Lazzarin, Monica and La Forgia, Fiorangela and Ferrari, Fabio and Polakis, Tom and Skiff, Brian (2023) Ejecta Evolution Following a Planned Impact into an Asteroid: The First Five Weeks. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 959 (1), L12. Institute of Physics (IOP) Publishing. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad0fdd. ISSN 2041-8205.

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Official URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ad0fdd

Abstract

The impact of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft into Dimorphos, moon of the asteroid Didymos, changed Dimorphos's orbit substantially, largely from the ejection of material. We present results from 12 Earth-based facilities involved in a world-wide campaign to monitor the brightness and morphology of the ejecta in the first 35 days after impact. After an initial brightening of ~1.4 mag, we find consistent dimming rates of 0.11-0.12 mag day-1 in the first week, and 0.08-0.09 mag day-1 over the entire study period. The system returned to its pre-impact brightness 24.3-25.3 days after impact though the primary ejecta tail remained. The dimming paused briefly eight days after impact, near in time to the appearance of the second tail. This was likely due to a secondary release of material after re-impact of a boulder released in the initial impact, though movement of the primary ejecta through the aperture likely played a role.

Item URL in elib:

https://elib.dlr.de/201852/

Document Type:

Article

Title:

Ejecta Evolution Following a Planned Impact into an Asteroid: The First Five Weeks

Authors:

Authors	Institution or Email of Authors	Author's ORCID iD	ORCID Put Code
Kareta, Theodore	Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-7499	UNSPECIFIED
Thomas, Cristina	Astronomy and Planetary Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011-6010, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3091-5757	UNSPECIFIED
Li, Jian-Yang	Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3841-9977	UNSPECIFIED
Knight, Matthew M.	Physics Department, United States Naval Academy, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-6897	UNSPECIFIED
Moskovitz, Nicholas	Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-6336	UNSPECIFIED
Rożek, Agata	Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-2238	UNSPECIFIED
Bannister, Michele T.	University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-4490	UNSPECIFIED
Ieva, Simone	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, 00136 Roma RM, Italy	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8694-9038	UNSPECIFIED
Snodgrass, Colin	Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9328-2905	UNSPECIFIED
Pravec, Petr	Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 251 65 Ondřejov, Czech Republic	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-9776	UNSPECIFIED
Ryan, Eileen V.	New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology/Magdalena Ridge Observatory, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ryan, William H.	New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology/Magdalena Ridge Observatory, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fahnestock, Eugene G.	Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-5851	UNSPECIFIED
Rivkin, Andrew S.	Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Chabot, Nancy	Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8628-3176	UNSPECIFIED
Fitzsimmons, Alan	Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-9911	UNSPECIFIED
Osip, David	Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA 93117, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lister, Tim	Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA 93117, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-7769	UNSPECIFIED
Sarid, Gal	SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-5044	UNSPECIFIED
Hirabayashi, Masatoshi	Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 620 Cherry Street, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1821-5689	UNSPECIFIED
Farnham, Tony	University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-9861	UNSPECIFIED
Tancredi, Gonzalo	Depto. Astronomía, Udelar, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4943-8623	UNSPECIFIED
Michel, Patrick	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France ; The University of Tokyo, Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, Tokyo, Japan	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0884-1993	UNSPECIFIED
Wainscoat, Richard	University of Hawai’i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1341-0952	UNSPECIFIED
Weryk, Rob	Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London ON, N6A 3K7, Canada	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-9341	UNSPECIFIED
Burrati, Bonnie	Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pittichová, Jana	Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-1857	UNSPECIFIED
Ridden-Harper, Ryan	University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-2885	UNSPECIFIED
Tan, Nicole J.	University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-8887	UNSPECIFIED
Tristram, Paul	University of Canterbury Mt. John Observatory, P.O. Box 56, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Brown, Tyler	University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bonavita, Mariangela	Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-8389	UNSPECIFIED
Burgdorf, Martin	Universität Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-4217	UNSPECIFIED
Khalouei, Elahe	Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5098-4165	UNSPECIFIED
Longa, Penelope	Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9330-5003	UNSPECIFIED
Rabus, Markus	Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Bío Bío, Chile	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-7196	UNSPECIFIED
Sajadian, Sedighe	Isfahan University of Technology, Daneshgah e Sanati Hwy, PG9G+39R, Iran	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-1071	UNSPECIFIED
Jorgensen, Uffe Graae	University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7303-914X	UNSPECIFIED
Dominik, Martin	University of St. Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-0343	UNSPECIFIED
Kikwaya, Jean-Baptiste	Vatican Observatory, 00041 Albano laziale RM, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Mazzotta Epifani, Elena	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, 00136 Roma RM, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Dotto, Elisabetta	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, 00136 Roma RM, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Deshapriya, Prasanna	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, 00136 Roma RM, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hasselmann, Pedro	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, 00136 Roma RM, Italy	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-8945	UNSPECIFIED
Dall’Ora, Massimo	INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Abe, Lyu	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Guillot, Tristan	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-8428	UNSPECIFIED
Mékarnia, Djamel	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5000-7292	UNSPECIFIED
Agabi, Abdelkrim	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bendjoya, Philippe	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4278-1437	UNSPECIFIED
Suarez, Olga	Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, CS 3422906304, France	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-3617	UNSPECIFIED
Triaud, Amaury	University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-8751	UNSPECIFIED
Gasparetto, Thomas	INAF–Trieste, 34144 Trieste TS, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Günther, Maximillian N.	European Space Agency, 75012 Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kueppers, Michael	Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Merin, Bruno	Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8555-3012	UNSPECIFIED
Chatelain, Joseph	Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA 93117, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-5998	UNSPECIFIED
Gomez, Edward	Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA 93117, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-1507	UNSPECIFIED
Usher, Helen	Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-5534	UNSPECIFIED
Stoddard-Jones, Cai	Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bartnik, Matthew	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bellaver, Michael	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Chetan, Brenna	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Dugan, Emma	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fallon, Tori	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fedewa, Jeremy	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gerhard, Caitlyn	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Jacobson, Seth A.	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-9007	UNSPECIFIED
Painter, Shane	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Peterson, David-Michael	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Rodriguez, Joseph E.	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-0565	UNSPECIFIED
Smith, Cody	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Sokolovsky, Kirill V.	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-6863	UNSPECIFIED
Sullivan, Hannah	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Townley, Kate	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Watson, Sarah	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Webb, Levi	Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep M.	Institute of Space Sciences (CSIC-IEEC), E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés (Barcelona), Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Catalonia, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Llenas, Josep M.	Pujalt Observatory, SN, 08282 Pujalt, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pérez-García, Ignacio	Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Castro-Tirado, A. J.	Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Vincent, Jean-Baptiste	UNSPECIFIED	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6575-3079	150158193
Migliorini, Alessandra	INAF—Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology, 10025 Pino Torinese TO, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lazzarin, Monica	Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Padova University, 35121 Padova PD, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
La Forgia, Fiorangela	Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Padova University, 35121 Padova PD, Italy	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-1867	UNSPECIFIED
Ferrari, Fabio	Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano MI, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Polakis, Tom	Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Skiff, Brian	Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED

Date:

12 December 2023

Journal or Publication Title:

Astrophysical Journal Letters

Refereed publication:

Yes

Open Access:

Yes

Gold Open Access:

Yes

In SCOPUS:

Yes

In ISI Web of Science:

Yes

Volume:

959

DOI:

10.3847/2041-8213/ad0fdd

Page Range:

L12

Publisher:

Institute of Physics (IOP) Publishing

ISSN:

2041-8205

Status:

Published

Keywords:

Asteroids, Near-Earth objects, Impact phenomena, Asteroid satellites

HGF - Research field:

Aeronautics, Space and Transport

HGF - Program:

Space

HGF - Program Themes:

Space Exploration

DLR - Research area:

Raumfahrt

DLR - Program:

R EW - Space Exploration

DLR - Research theme (Project):

R - Exploration of the Solar System

Location:

Berlin-Adlershof

Institutes and Institutions:

Institute of Planetary Research > Planetary Geodesy

Deposited By:

Vincent, Jean-Baptiste

Deposited On:

08 Jan 2024 10:34

Last Modified:

29 Jan 2024 13:07

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