An Earth-sized Planet around an M5 Dwarf Star at 22 pc

Hirano, Teruyuki and Dai, Fei and Livingston, John H. and Grziwa, Sascha and Lam, Kristine W. F. and Kasagi, Yui and Narita, Norio and Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Tako and Miyakawa, Kohei and Serrano, Luisa M. and Matsumoto, Yuji and Kokubo, Eiichiro and Kimura, Tadahiro and Ikoma, Masahiro and Winn, Joshua N. and Wisniewski, John P. and Harakawa, Hiroki and Teng, Huan-Yu and Cochran, William D. and Fukui, Akihiko and Gandolfi, Davide and Guenther, Eike W. and Hori, Yasunori and Ikuta, Kai and Kawauchi, Kiyoe and Knudstrup, Emil and Korth, Judith and Kotani, Takayuki and Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran and Kudo, Tomoyuki and Kurokawa, Takashi and Kuzuhara, Masayuki and Luque, Rafael and Mori, Mayuko and Nishikawa, Jun and Omiya, Masashi and Orell-Miquel, Jaume and Palle, Enric and Persson, Carina M. and Redfield, Seth and Serabyn, Eugene and Smith, Alexis M. S. and Takahashi, Aoi and Takarada, Takuya and Ueda, Akitoshi and Van Eylen, Vincent and Vievard, Sébastien and Tamura, Motohide and Sato, Bun'ei (2023) An Earth-sized Planet around an M5 Dwarf Star at 22 pc. The Astronomical Journal, 165 (3), p. 131. IOP Publishing. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/acb7e1. ISSN 0004-6256.

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Official URL: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/acb7e1

Abstract

We report on the discovery of an Earth-sized transiting planet (Rp = 1.015 ± 0.051 Rs) in a P = 4.02 day orbit around K2-415 (EPIC 211414619), an M5V star at 22 pc. The planet candidate was first identified by analyzing the light-curve data obtained by the K2 mission, and it is here shown to exist in the most recent data from TESS. Combining the light curves with the data secured by our follow-up observations, including high- resolution imaging and near-infrared spectroscopy with IRD, we rule out false-positive scenarios, finding a low false-positive probability of 2 × 10^-4. Based on IRD's radial velocities of K2-415, which were sparsely taken over three years, we obtain a planet mass of 3.0 ± 2.7 M_earth (M p < 7.5 M_earth at 95% confidence) for K2-415b. Being one of the lowest-mass stars (approximately = 0.16 Msun) known to host an Earth-sized transiting planet, K2-415 will be an interesting target for further follow-up observations, including additional radial velocity monitoring and transit spectroscopy.

Item URL in elib:

https://elib.dlr.de/195649/

Document Type:

Article

Title:

An Earth-sized Planet around an M5 Dwarf Star at 22 pc

Authors:

Authors	Institution or Email of Authors	Author's ORCID iD	ORCID Put Code
Hirano, Teruyuki	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Dai, Fei	Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Livingston, John H.	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Grziwa, Sascha	Rheinisches Institut fur Umweltforschung an der Universitat zu Koln, Aachener Strasse 209, D-50931 Koln, Germany 0000-0003-3370-4058	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lam, Kristine W. F.	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kasagi, Yui	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Narita, Norio	Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; PRESTO, JST, Tokyo, Japan; Astrobiology Center, Tokyo, Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, Japan; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Tako	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Miyakawa, Kohei	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Serrano, Luisa M.	Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Matsumoto, Yuji	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kokubo, Eiichiro	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kimura, Tadahiro	Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ikoma, Masahiro	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Winn, Joshua N.	Department of Astrophysics Sciences, Princeton University, 4 Ivy Lane, Priceton, NJ 08544, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Wisniewski, John P.	George Mason University Department of Physics & Astronomy, 4400 University Drive, MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Harakawa, Hiroki	Subaru Telescope, 650 N. Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Teng, Huan-Yu	Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152–8551, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Cochran, William D.	McDonald Observatory and Center for Planetary Systems Habitability, The University of Texas, Austin, TX USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fukui, Akihiko	Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-5763	UNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, Davide	Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125, Torino, Italy ); 0000-0001-8627-9628	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Guenther, Eike W.	Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenberg, Germany	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hori, Yasunori	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ikuta, Kai	Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153–8902, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kawauchi, Kiyoe	Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153–8902, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Knudstrup, Emil	Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Dep. of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Korth, Judith	Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasma Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kotani, Takayuki	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kudo, Tomoyuki	Subaru Telescope, 650 N. Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kurokawa, Takashi	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kuzuhara, Masayuki	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Luque, Rafael	Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Mori, Mayuko	Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Nishikawa, Jun	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Omiya, Masashi	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Orell-Miquel, Jaume	Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C. Vía Láctea, s/n, E-38205, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Palle, Enric	Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, C/ Via Lactea s/n, E-38205 La Laguna, Spain; Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Persson, Carina M.	Department of Space, Earth and Environmanet, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Redfield, Seth	Astronomy Department and Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA 0000-0003-3786-3486	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Serabyn, Eugene	Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Smith, Alexis M. S.	UNSPECIFIED	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-4341	UNSPECIFIED
Takahashi, Aoi	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Takarada, Takuya	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ueda, Akitoshi	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Van Eylen, Vincent	Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Vievard, Sébastien	Subaru Telescope, Hilo, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Tamura, Motohide	Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8588, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Sato, Bun'ei	Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152–8551, Japan	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED

Date:

March 2023

Journal or Publication Title:

The Astronomical Journal

Refereed publication:

Yes

Open Access:

Yes

Gold Open Access:

Yes

In SCOPUS:

Yes

In ISI Web of Science:

Yes

Volume:

165

DOI:

10.3847/1538-3881/acb7e1

Page Range:

p. 131

Publisher:

IOP Publishing

ISSN:

0004-6256

Status:

Published

Keywords:

Transit photometry, High angular resolution, High resolution spectroscopy, Exoplanet formation, Radial velocity, 1709, 2167, 2096, 492, 1332, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

HGF - Research field:

Aeronautics, Space and Transport

HGF - Program:

Space

HGF - Program Themes:

Space Exploration

DLR - Research area:

Raumfahrt

DLR - Program:

R EW - Space Exploration

DLR - Research theme (Project):

R - Project PLATO - PMC and Science

Location:

Berlin-Adlershof

Institutes and Institutions:

Institute of Planetary Research > Extrasolar Planets and Atmospheres

Deposited By:

Lam, Wai Fun

Deposited On:

27 Jun 2023 10:10

Last Modified:

27 Jun 2023 10:10

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