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Molten chloride salts for high-temperature thermal energy storage: Continuous electrolytic salt purification with two Mg-electrodes and alternating voltage for corrosion control

Ding, Wenjin and Yang, Fan and Bonk, Alexander and Bauer, Thomas (2021) Molten chloride salts for high-temperature thermal energy storage: Continuous electrolytic salt purification with two Mg-electrodes and alternating voltage for corrosion control. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 223 (110979). Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2021.110979. ISSN 0927-0248.

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Abstract

Molten chloride salts such as MgCl2/KCl/NaCl are promising thermal energy storage (TES) materials and heat transfer fluids (HTF) in next generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants with elevated operation temperatures (> 700°C) due to their high thermal stability and low material costs. However, they have strong corrosivity against metallic structural materials at high temperatures which can be related to the presence of hydrolysis products such as MgOHCl. In an electrolytic purification method reported in previous work, a W-cathode and Mg-anode were used to reduce the concentration of these impurities, thereby effectively purifying the molten MgCl2/KCl/NaCl salt. However, the W-cathode passivation due to production of MgO on the surface limited its cathode effectiveness. In this work, an improved electrolytic purification method is presented to avoid the electrode passivation by using two identical Mg-electrodes and alternating voltage (AV, i.e., switching the voltage direction applied periodically). A continuous electrolytic salt purification in the AV-mode is successfully performed on the molten MgCl2/KCl/NaCl salt in the 100 g-scale. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) on the molten salt shows that the purification can effectively reduce the concentration of the main corrosive impurity MgOH+Cl-. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) measurements on a commercial alloy (Incoloy 800 H) immersed in the molten salt indicate significantly reduced corrosion rates (i.e., reduced salt corrosivity) compared to a non-purified salt. The continuity of the improved method allows for a long-term effective purification without the risk of passivation and deactivation of electrodes, thereby showing great potential in corrosion control of molten chloride salt TES system.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/142256/
Document Type:Article
Title:Molten chloride salts for high-temperature thermal energy storage: Continuous electrolytic salt purification with two Mg-electrodes and alternating voltage for corrosion control
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Ding, WenjinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Yang, FanTTUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bonk, AlexanderUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bauer, ThomasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:15 January 2021
Journal or Publication Title:Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:223
DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2021.110979
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0927-0248
Status:Published
Keywords:Concentrated solar power (CSP); Continuous salt purification; Corrosive impurity; Electrolysis; Electrode passivation; Thermal energy storage (TES).
HGF - Research field:Energy
HGF - Program:Materials and Technologies for the Energy Transition
HGF - Program Themes:High-Temperature Thermal Technologies
DLR - Research area:Energy
DLR - Program:E SP - Energy Storage
DLR - Research theme (Project):E - Thermochemical Processes, E - Materials for High-Temperature Thermal Technologies, E - Advanced Heat Transfer Media
Location: Stuttgart
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics > Thermal Process Technology
Deposited By: Ding, Wenjin
Deposited On:20 Jul 2021 14:11
Last Modified:01 Apr 2023 03:00

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