Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178

Leleu, A. and Alibert, Y. and Hara, N. C. and Hooton, M. J. and Wilson, T. G. and Robutel, P. and Delisle, J.-B. and Laskar, J. and Hoyer, S. and Lovis, C. and Bryant, E.M. and Ducrot, E. and Cabrera Perez, Juan and Delrez, L. and Acton, J.S. and Adibekyan, V. and Allart, R. and Allende Prieto, C. and Alonso, R. and Alves, D and Anderson, D. R. and Angerhausen, D. and Anglada Escudé, G and Asquier, J. and Barrado, D. and Barros, S. C. C. and Baumjohann, W. and Bayliss, D. and Beck, M. and Beck, T. and Bekkelien, A. and Benz, W. and Billot, N. and Bonfanti, A. and Bonfils, X. and Bouchy, F. and Bourrier, V. and Boué, G. and Brandeker, A. and Broeg, Chris and Buder, Maximilian and Burdanov, Artem and Burleigh, M. R. and Bàrczy, T. and Cameron, A. C. and Chamberlain, S and Charnoz, S. and Cooke, B.F. and Corral Van Damme, C. and Correia, A. C. M. and Cristiani, S. and Damasso, M. and Davies, M. B. and Deleuil, M and Demangeon, O. D. S. and Demory, B. O. and Di Marcantonio, P. and Di Persio, G. and Dumusque, X. and Ehrenreich, David and Erikson, A and Figueira, Pedro and Fortier, Andrea and Fossati, L. and Fridlund, M. and Futyan, D. and Gandolfi, D. and Garcia Munoz, A. and Garcia, L. J. and Gill, Samuel and Gillen, E. and Gillon, M. and Goad, M. R. and Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I. and Guedel, M. and Gunther, M. N. and Haldemann, J. and Henderson, B and Heng, K. and Hogan, A. E. and Isaak, K. G. and Jehin, E. and Jenkins, J. S. and Jordán, A. and Kiss, L. and Kristiansen, M. H. and Lam, K. W. F. and Lavie, B. and Lecavelier des Etangs, A. and Lendl, M. and Lillo-Box, J. and Lo Curto, G. and Magrin, D. and Martins, C. J. A. P. and Maxted, P. F. L. and McCormac, J. and Mehner, A. and Micela, G. and Molaro, P. and Moyano, M. and Murray, C. A. and Nascimbeni, V. and Nunes, N. J. and Olofsson, G. and Osborn, H. P. and Oshagh, M. and Ottensamer, R. and Pagano, I. and Palle, E. and Pedersen, P. P. and Pepe, F. and Persson, C. M. and Peter, Gisbert and Piotto, G and Polenta, G. and Pollacco, D. and Poretti, E. and Pozuelos, F.J. and Queloz, D. and Ragazzoni, R. and Rando, N. and Ratti, F. and Rauer, H. and Raynard, L. and Rebolo, R. and Reimers, C. and Ribas, I. and Santos, N. C. and Scandariato, G. and Schneider, J. and Sebastian, D. and Sestovic, M. and Simon, A. E. and Smith, Alexis M S and Sousa, S. G. and Sozzetti, A. and Steller, M. and Suárez Mascareño, A. and Szabó, Gy. M. and Segransan, D. and Thomas, N. and Thompson, S. and Tilbrook, R. H. and Triaud, A. H. M. J. and Turner, O. and Udry, S. and Van Grootel, V. and Venus, H. and Verrecchia, F. and Vines, J. I and Walton, NA and West, R. G. and Wheatley, P. J. and Wolter, D. and Zapatero Osorio, M. R. (2021) Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 649, A26. EDP Sciences. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039767. ISSN 0004-6361.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039767

Abstract

Determining the architecture of multi-planetary systems is one of the cornerstones of understanding planet formation and evolution. Resonant systems are especially important as the fragility of their orbital configuration ensures that no significant scattering or collisional event has taken place since the earliest formation phase when the parent protoplanetary disc was still present. In this context, TOI-178 has been the subject of particular attention since the first TESS observations hinted at the possible presence of a near 2:3:3 resonant chain. Here we report the results of observations from CHEOPS, ESPRESSO, NGTS, and SPECULOOS with the aim of deciphering the peculiar orbital architecture of the system. We show that TOI-178 harbours at least six planets in the super-Earth to mini-Neptune regimes, with radii ranging from 1.152‒0.070+0.073 to 2.87‒0.13+0.14 Earth radii and periods of 1.91, 3.24, 6.56, 9.96, 15.23, and 20.71 days. All planets but the innermost one form a 2:4:6:9:12 chain of Laplace resonances, and the planetary densities show important variations from planet to planet, jumping from 1.02‒0.23+0.28 to 0.177‒0.061+0.055 times the Earth's density between planets c and d. Using Bayesian interior structure retrieval models, we show that the amount of gas in the planets does not vary in a monotonous way, contrary to what one would expect from simple formation and evolution models and unlike other known systems in a chain of Laplace resonances. The brightness of TOI-178 (H = 8.76 mag, J = 9.37 mag, V = 11.95 mag) allows for a precise characterisation of its orbital architecture as well as of the physical nature of the six presently known transiting planets it harbours. The peculiar orbital configuration and the diversity in average density among the planets in the system will enable the study of interior planetary structures and atmospheric evolution, providing important clues on the formation of super-Earths and mini-Neptunes.

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https://elib.dlr.de/142223/

Document Type:

Article

Title:

Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178

Authors:

Authors	Institution or Email of Authors	Author's ORCID iD	ORCID Put Code
Leleu, A.	Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève, CheminPegasi 51, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Alibert, Y.	University of Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hara, N. C.	Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève, CheminPegasi 51, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hooton, M. J.	University of Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Wilson, T. G.	School of Physics and Astronomy, St. Andrews, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Robutel, P.	IMCCE, UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ.,Sorbonne Univ., 77 av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Delisle, J.-B.	Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève, CheminPegasi 51, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Laskar, J.	IMCCE, UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ.,Sorbonne Univ., 77 av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hoyer, S.	Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Univ. de Provence, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lovis, C.	Observatoire de l Universite de Geneve, 51 chemin des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bryant, E.M.	Dept. of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ducrot, E.	Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août19C, 4000 Liège, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Cabrera Perez, Juan	UNSPECIFIED	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-5487	UNSPECIFIED
Delrez, L.	Institut d Astrophysique et de Geophysique, Universite de Liege, Allee du 6 Aout, 17, Bat. B5C, Liege 1, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Acton, J.S.	Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Adibekyan, V.	Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Allart, R.	Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève, CheminPegasi 51, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Allende Prieto, C.	Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Alonso, R.	Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Alves, D	Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Anderson, D. R.	Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Angerhausen, D.	ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich,Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Anglada Escudé, G	Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, CanMagrans s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona,Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Asquier, J.	ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, Niederlande	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Barrado, D.	Departamento de Astrofisica, Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA-CSIC), Campus ESAC (ESA)Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n 28692 Villanueva de la Canada, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Barros, S. C. C.	Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Baumjohann, W.	Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bayliss, D.	Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Beck, M.	Observatoire de Genève, University of Geneva, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Beck, T.	Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Gesellschaftsstraße 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bekkelien, A.	Observatoire de Genève, University of Geneva, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Benz, W.	Physikalisches Institut,University of Bern, Sidlerstraße 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Billot, N.	Observatoire de Genève, University of Geneva, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bonfanti, A.	Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bonfils, X.	Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique, University of Grenoble, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bouchy, F.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bourrier, V.	Université de Genève, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Boué, G.	IMCCE, UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ.,Sorbonne Univ., 77 av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Brandeker, A.	Department of Astronomy , Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Broeg, Chris	University of Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Buder, Maximilian	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Burdanov, Artem	Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Universite de Liege, Liege, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Burleigh, M. R.	Department of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester Institute of Space and Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Bàrczy, T.	Admatis, Miskolc, Hungary	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Cameron, A. C.	School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Chamberlain, S	School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, LeicesterLE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Charnoz, S.	Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Cooke, B.F.	Dept. of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Corral Van Damme, C.	ESA/ESTEC, Niederlande	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Correia, A. C. M.	CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Cristiani, S.	INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11,34143 Trieste, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Damasso, M.	INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, via Osservatorio 20,10025 Pino Torinese, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Davies, M. B.	Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Deleuil, M	Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Demangeon, O. D. S.	Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Demory, B. O.	Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Di Marcantonio, P.	INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11,34143 Trieste, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Di Persio, G.	INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via del Fossodel Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Dumusque, X.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ehrenreich, David	University of Geneva, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Erikson, A	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Figueira, Pedro	Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Porto, Portugal; European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fortier, Andrea	University of Berne, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fossati, L.	Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Fridlund, M.	Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92, Onsala, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Futyan, D.	Observatoire de Genève, University of Geneva, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, D.	Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Torino, via P. Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Garcia Munoz, A.	Zentrum fuer Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Germany	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-4825	UNSPECIFIED
Garcia, L. J.	Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août19C, 4000 Liège, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gill, Samuel	Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gillen, E.	Astronomy Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Mile EndRoad, London E1 4NS, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE,UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gillon, M.	Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Goad, M. R.	University of Leicester, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I.	Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Guedel, M.	University of Vienna, Department of Astrophysics, Türkenschanzstrasse 17, 1180, Vienna, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Gunther, M. N.	Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Haldemann, J.	Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6,3012 Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Henderson, B	Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester , University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Heng, K.	Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Gesellschaftsstraße 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Hogan, A. E.	Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester , University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Isaak, K. G.	ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, Niederlande	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Jehin, E.	Institut d’Astrophysique et de Geophysique, Universite de Liege, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Jenkins, J. S.	Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino ElObservatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines (CATA), Casilla 36-D,Santiago, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Jordán, A.	Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Astrophysics, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kiss, L.	Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth, Budapest, Hungary	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Kristiansen, M. H.	Brorfelde Observatory, Observator Gyldenkernes Vej 7, 4340 Tøl-løse, Denmark; DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lam, K. W. F.	Zentrum fur Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universitat Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lavie, B.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lecavelier des Etangs, A.	Institut d Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095 & Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Paris 6, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lendl, M.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lillo-Box, J.	Departmento de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA),ESAC campus, 28692 Villanueva de la Cãda (Madrid), Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Lo Curto, G.	European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Coórdova 3107,Vitacura, Región Metropolitana, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Magrin, D.	INAF,OsservatorioAstronomicodiPadova,Vicolodell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Martins, C. J. A. P.	Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto,CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal; Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas,4150-762 Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Maxted, P. F. L.	Astrophysics Group, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
McCormac, J.	Dept. of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Mehner, A.	European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Coórdova 3107,Vitacura, Región Metropolitana, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Micela, G.	INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Molaro, P.	INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11,34143 Trieste, Italy; IFPU, Via Beirut 2, 34151 Grignano Trieste, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Moyano, M.	Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Católica del Norte, Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, 1270709, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Murray, C. A.	Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE,UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Nascimbeni, V.	INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, Padova, IT-35122, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Nunes, N. J.	Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciên-cias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa,Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Olofsson, G.	Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Osborn, H. P.	NCCR/PlanetS, Centre for Space & Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Oshagh, M.	Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ottensamer, R.	University of Vienna, Department of Astrophysics, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pagano, I.	INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Palle, E.	Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, C/ Via Lactea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pedersen, P. P.	Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE,UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pepe, F.	Observatoire de Geneve, Universite de Geneve, 51 Chemin des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Persson, C. M.	Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92 Onsala, Sweden	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Peter, Gisbert	UNSPECIFIED	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6101-2513	UNSPECIFIED
Piotto, G	Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Padova, Padova, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Polenta, G.	Space Science Data Center, ASI, via del Politecnico snc, 00133Roma, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pollacco, D.	Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Poretti, E.	INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Merate, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Pozuelos, F.J.	Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août19C, 4000 Liège, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Queloz, D.	Cavendish Laboratory, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ragazzoni, R.	INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Rando, N.	ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, Niederlande	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ratti, F.	ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, Niederlande	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Rauer, H.	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Raynard, L.	Department of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester Institute of Space and Earth Observation, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Rebolo, R.	Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife,Spain; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 LaLaguna, Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Reimers, C.	Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Tuerkenschanzs-trasse 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Ribas, I.	Institute d´Estudis Espacials de Catalunya and Instituto de Ciencias des Espacio, Barcelona, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Santos, N. C.	Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Scandariato, G.	NAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1, 90134 Palermo, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Schneider, J.	Observatoire de Paris, 92195 Meudon, France	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Sebastian, D.	School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edg-baston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Sestovic, M.	Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012 Bern,Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Simon, A. E.	Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Smith, Alexis M S	UNSPECIFIED	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-4341	UNSPECIFIED
Sousa, S. G.	Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Sozzetti, A.	INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, via Osservatorio 20,10025 Pino Torinese, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Steller, M.	Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Suárez Mascareño, A.	Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife,Spain; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 LaLaguna, Tenerife, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Szabó, Gy. M.	Department of Experimental Physics & Astronomical Observatory, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Segransan, D.	Observatoire de Geneve, Universite de Geneve, 51 Chemin des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Thomas, N.	Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Thompson, S.	Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE,UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Tilbrook, R. H.	Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Triaud, A. H. M. J.	School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edg-baston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Turner, O.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Udry, S.	Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mailettes 51, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Van Grootel, V.	Université de Liege, Belgium	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Venus, H.	Institut für Optische Sensorsysteme	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Verrecchia, F.	Space Science Data Center, ASI, via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, 00078Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Vines, J. I	Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino el Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Casilla 36-D, 7591245, Santiago, Chile	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Walton, NA	Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
West, R. G.	Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Wheatley, P. J.	Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Las Cumbres Observatory, 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117, USA 0000-0003-1452-2240	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Wolter, D.	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Zapatero Osorio, M. R.	Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Crta. Ajalvir km 4, 28850Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED

Date:

6 May 2021

Journal or Publication Title:

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Refereed publication:

Yes

Open Access:

Yes

Gold Open Access:

In SCOPUS:

Yes

In ISI Web of Science:

Yes

Volume:

649

DOI:

10.1051/0004-6361/202039767

Page Range:

A26

Publisher:

EDP Sciences

ISSN:

0004-6361

Status:

Published

Keywords:

techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic; celestial mechanics; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability

HGF - Research field:

Aeronautics, Space and Transport

HGF - Program:

Space

HGF - Program Themes:

Space Exploration

DLR - Research area:

Raumfahrt

DLR - Program:

R EW - Space Exploration

DLR - Research theme (Project):

R - CHEOPS Science

Location:

Berlin-Adlershof

Institutes and Institutions:

Institute of Planetary Research > Extrasolar Planets and Atmospheres
Institute of Planetary Research > Leitungsbereich PF
Institute of Planetary Research > Planetary Sensor Systems
Institute of Optical Sensor Systems

Deposited By:

Smith, Dr Alexis M S

Deposited On:

11 May 2021 09:07

Last Modified:

05 Dec 2023 07:18

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