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Resting Energy Expenditure of Master Athletes: Accuracy of Predictive Equations and Primary Determinants

Frings-Meuthen, Petra and Henkel, Sara and Boschmann, Michael and Chilibeck, Philip D. and Alvero-Cruz, José Ramón and Hoffmann, Fabian and Möstl, Stefan and Mittag, Uwe and Mulder, Edwin and Rittweger, Natia and Sies, Wolfram and Tanaka, Hirofumi and Rittweger, Jörn (2021) Resting Energy Expenditure of Master Athletes: Accuracy of Predictive Equations and Primary Determinants. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, p. 641455. Frontiers Media S.A. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.641455. ISSN 1664-042X.

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Official URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.641455/full

Abstract

Resting energy expenditure (REE) is determined mainly by fat-free mass (FFM). FFM depends also on daily physical activity. REE normally decreases with increased age due to decreases in FFM and physical activity. Measuring REE is essential for estimating total energy expenditure. As such, there are a number of different equations in use to predict REE. In recent years, an increasing number of older adults continue to participate in competitive sports creating the surge of master athletes. It is currently unclear if these equations developed primarily for the general population are also valid for highly active, older master athletes. Therefore, we tested the validity of six commonly-used equations for predicting REE in master athletes. In conjunction with the World Masters Athletic Championship in Malaga, Spain, we measured REE in 113 master athletes by indirect calorimetry. The most commonly used equations to predict REE [Harris & Benedict (H&B), World Health Organization (WHO), Müller (MÜL), Müller-FFM (MÜLFFM), Cunningham (CUN), and De Lorenzo (LOR)] were tested for their accuracies. The influences of age, sex, height, body weight, FFM, training hours per week, phase angle, ambient temperature, and athletic specialization on REE were determined. All estimated REEs for the general population differed significantly from the measured ones (H&B, WHO, MÜL, MÜL-FFM, CUN, all p < 0.005). The equation put forward by De Lorenzo provided the most accurate prediction of REE for master athletes, closely followed by FFM-based Cunningham’s equation. The accuracy of the remaining commonly-used prediction equations to estimate REE in master athletes are less accurate. Body weight (p < 0.001), FFM (p < 0.001), FM (p = 0.007), sex (p = 0.045) and interestingly temperature (p = 0.004) are the significant predictors of REE. We conclude that REE in master athletes is primarily determined by body composition and ambient temperature. Our study provides a first estimate of energy requirements for master athletes in order to cover adequately athletes’ energy and nutrient requirements to maintain their health status and physical performance.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/142147/
Document Type:Article
Title:Resting Energy Expenditure of Master Athletes: Accuracy of Predictive Equations and Primary Determinants
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Frings-Meuthen, PetraUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-4419UNSPECIFIED
Henkel, SaraInstitut für Luft-und RaumfahrtmedizinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Boschmann, MichaelCRC Franz Volhard and Helios Klinikum, Charite, Universitary Medicine BerlinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Chilibeck, Philip D.Physical Activity Complex, University of Saskatchewan College of Kinesiology, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alvero-Cruz, José RamónFacultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, SpainUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hoffmann, FabianGerman Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Möstl, StefanGerman Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mittag, UweUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-3085UNSPECIFIED
Mulder, EdwinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rittweger, NatiaGerman Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sies, WolframUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tanaka, HirofumiDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United StatesUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rittweger, JörnUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-8963UNSPECIFIED
Date:22 March 2021
Journal or Publication Title:Frontiers in Physiology
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:Yes
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:12
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2021.641455
Page Range:p. 641455
Publisher:Frontiers Media S.A
ISSN:1664-042X
Status:Published
Keywords:resting energy expenditure, master athletes, energy metabolism, predictive equation, body composition
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R FR - Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - Long-term effects of physical inactivity versus activity
Location: Köln-Porz
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Aerospace Medicine > Muscle and Bone Metabolism
Institute of Aerospace Medicine > Cardiovascular Medicine in Aerospace
Institute of Aerospace Medicine > Leitungsbereich ME
Deposited By: Arndt, Carina
Deposited On:11 May 2021 11:36
Last Modified:24 May 2022 23:47

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