Influence of the Electrolyte Salt Concentration on the Rate Capability of Ultra‐Thick NCM 622 Electrodes

Abstract

In traditional Li‐ion batteries, the electrolyte consists of a Li‐conducting salt dissolved in organic solvents at a concentration of 1 mol L−1 (1 M). In this work, we use increased LiPF6 concentrations between 1 and 2.3 M to investigate the influence of the electrolyte salt concentration on the rate capability of ultra‐thick (49.5 mg cm−2) and thin (5.6 mg cm−2) NCM 622 electrodes, respectively. At higher electrolyte salt concentrations than 1 M, thin electrodes suffer from increased polarization, due to a higher viscosity and a reduced ionic conductivity. In contrast, by raising the salt concentration from 1 to 1.9 M the discharge capacity of ultra‐thick electrodes is increased by more than 50 % for current densities above 3 mA cm−2, which significantly improves their rate capability. 3D microstructure resolved simulations revealed that this effect results from the mitigation of Li‐ion depletion in the electrolyte filled pore space of ultra‐thick electrodes.