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Exposure to low Earth orbit of an extreme-tolerant cyanobacterium as a contribution to lunar astrobiology activities

Billi, D. und Mosca, C. und Fagliarone, C. und Napoli, A. und Verseux, C. und Baque, M. und de Vera, J. P. (2019) Exposure to low Earth orbit of an extreme-tolerant cyanobacterium as a contribution to lunar astrobiology activities. International Journal of Astrobiology. Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/S1473550419000168. ISSN 1473-5504.

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Kurzfassung

By investigating the survival and the biomarker detectability of a rock-inhabiting cyanobacterium, Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029, the BIOMEX space experiment might contribute to a future exploitation of the Moon as a test-bed for key astrobiology tasks such as the testing of life-detection technologies and the study of life in space. Post-flight analyses demonstrated that the mixing of dried cells with sandstone and a lunar regolith simulant provided protection against space UV radiation. During the space exposure, dried cells not mixed with minerals were killed by 2.05 × 102 kJ m-2 of UV radiation, while cells mixed with sandstone or lunar regolith survived 1.59 × 102 and 1.79 × 102 kJ m-2, respectively. No differences in survival occurred among cells mixed and not mixed with minerals and exposed to space conditions in the dark; this finding suggests that space vacuum and 0.5 Gy of ionizing radiation did not impair the cells presence in space. The genomic DNA of dead cells was severely damaged but still detectable with PCR amplification of a short target, thus suggesting that short sequences should be targeted in a PCR-based approach when searching for traces of life. The enhanced stability of genomic DNA of dried cells mixed with minerals and exposed to space indicates that DNA might still be detectable after prolonged periods, possibly up to millions of years in microbes shielded by minerals. Overall, the BIOMEX results contribute to future experiments regarding the exposure of cells and their biomarkers to deep space conditions in order to further test the lithopanspermia hypothesis, the biomarker stability and the microbial endurance, with implications for planetary protection and to determine if the Moon has been contaminated during past human missions.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/128538/
Dokumentart:Zeitschriftenbeitrag
Titel:Exposure to low Earth orbit of an extreme-tolerant cyanobacterium as a contribution to lunar astrobiology activities
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Billi, D.Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Mosca, C.department of biology, laboratory of astrobiology and molecular biology of cyanobacteria from extreme environments, university of rome tor vergata, rome, italy.NICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Fagliarone, C.Department of Biology, Laboratory of Astrobiology and Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria from Extreme Environments, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.NICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Napoli, A.Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Verseux, C.University of Bremen, Center of AppliedNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Baque, M.Mickael.Baque (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-6030NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
de Vera, J. P.DLR, German Aerospace Center, Management and Infrastructure, Astrobiological Laboratories, Berlin, Germany.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9530-5821NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:18 Juli 2019
Erschienen in:International Journal of Astrobiology
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Nein
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Ja
In ISI Web of Science:Ja
DOI:10.1017/S1473550419000168
Verlag:Cambridge University Press
ISSN:1473-5504
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Biomarkers; BIOMEX; cyanobacteria; ISS; low Earth orbit; Lunar astrobiology
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Raumfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Raumfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:R EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):R - Vorhaben Planetary Evolution and Life (alt)
Standort: Berlin-Adlershof
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Planetenforschung > Leitungsbereich PF
Hinterlegt von: de Vera, Dr. Jean Pierre Paul
Hinterlegt am:15 Aug 2019 13:48
Letzte Änderung:06 Sep 2019 15:15

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