High temperature oxidation and erosion of candidate materials for particle receivers of concentrated solar power tower systems

Abstract

The centrifugal particle receiver is a novel concept proposed for concentrated solar power plants (CSP) to increase their operating temperature and efficiency. In this concept solar radiation is directly absorbed by a layer of ceramic particles held at the inner surface of a rotating cylindrical receiver by the centrifugal force. During operation, the hot ceramic particles (up to 1000 °C) move slowly along the receiver wall as well as other system components (e.g. tubes), which leads to their degradation through high-temperature oxidation and erosion. In the present study, a series of high temperature erosion-oxidation exposures was undertaken to experimentally evaluate performance of selected candidate metallic materials for centrifugal particle receivers. The exposures were conducted in a laboratory test facility consisting of a resistance heated furnace filled with ceramic particles, in which the specimen holder was rotated. Typical high temperature materials, such as martensitic, ferritic and austenitic stainless steels, Ni-base and Co-base alloys were investigated. The specimens were discontinuously exposed at 400–750 °C for up to 500 h and further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy/wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX/WDX).