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Potential of Spaceborne Lidar Measurements of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions from Strong Point Sources

Kiemle, Christoph and Ehret, Gerhard and Amediek, Axel and Fix, Andreas and Quatrevalet, Mathieu and Wirth, Martin (2017) Potential of Spaceborne Lidar Measurements of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions from Strong Point Sources. Remote Sensing, pp. 1-16. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). doi: 10.3390/rs9111137. ISSN 2072-4292.

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Official URL: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1137/pdf

Abstract

Emissions from strong point sources, primarily large power plants, are a major portion of the total CO2 emissions. International climate agreements will increasingly require their independent monitoring. A satellite-based, double-pulse, direct detection Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) Lidar with the capability to actively target point sources has the potential to usefully complement the current and future GHG observing system. This initial study uses simple approaches to determine the required Lidar characteristics and the expected skill of spaceborne Lidar plume detection and emission quantification. A Gaussian plume model simulates the CO2 or CH4 distribution downstream of the sources. A Lidar simulator provides the instrument characteristics and dimensions required to retrieve the emission rates, assuming an ideal detector configuration. The Lidar sampling frequency, the footprint distance to the emitting source and the error of an individual measurement are of great importance. If wind speed and direction are known and environmental conditions are ideal, an IPDA Lidar on a 500-km orbit with 2 W average power in the 1.6 �m CO2 absorption band, 500 Hz pulse repetition frequency, 50 m footprint at sea level and 0.7 m telescope diameter can be expected to measure CO2 emission rates of 20 Mt/a with an average accuracy better than 3% up to a distance of 3 km away from the source. CH4 point source emission rates can be quantified with comparable skill if they are larger than 10 kt/a, or if the Lidar pulse repetition frequency is augmented.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/116537/
Document Type:Article
Title:Potential of Spaceborne Lidar Measurements of Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions from Strong Point Sources
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Kiemle, Christophdlr, ipahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1231-2813UNSPECIFIED
Ehret, Gerharddlr, ipaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Amediek, Axeldlr, ipahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5076-1559UNSPECIFIED
Fix, Andreasdlr, ipahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-9290UNSPECIFIED
Quatrevalet, Mathieudlr, ipaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wirth, MartinDLR, IPAUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:November 2017
Journal or Publication Title:Remote Sensing
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:Yes
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
DOI:10.3390/rs9111137
Page Range:pp. 1-16
Publisher:Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
ISSN:2072-4292
Status:Published
Keywords:carbon dioxide and methane emissions; satellite remote sensing; IPDA Lidar; Gaussian plume; localized point sources
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Earth Observation
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R EO - Earth Observation
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - LIDAR research and development
Location: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Atmospheric Physics > Lidar
Deposited By: Kiemle, Dr.rer.nat. Christoph
Deposited On:04 Dec 2017 11:45
Last Modified:02 Nov 2023 13:10

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