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Atrophy of calf muscles by unloading results in an increase of tissue sodium concentration and fat fraction decrease: a 23Na MRI physiology study

Gerlach, Darius and Schopen, Kathrin and Linz, Peter and Johannes, Bernd and Titze, Jens and Zange, Jochen and Rittweger, Jörn (2017) Atrophy of calf muscles by unloading results in an increase of tissue sodium concentration and fat fraction decrease: a 23Na MRI physiology study. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 117 (8), pp. 1585-1595. Springer. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3647-4. ISSN 1439-6319.

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Official URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00421-017-3647-4

Abstract

Purpose 23Na MRI demonstrated increased tissue sodium concentrations in a number of pathologies. Acute atrophy results in muscle fibre volume shrinking that may result in a relative increase of extracellular volume and might affect sodium concentration. Thus, we hypothesized that local unloading of the calf muscles would lead to a decrease in muscle volume and an increase in muscle tissue sodium concentration. Method One lower leg of 12 healthy male subjects was submitted to a 60 day long period of unloading using the Hephaistos orthosis, while the other leg served as control. 23Na MRI and 2D PD-weighted Dixon turbo spin echo were obtained from the control and orthosis leg using a 3T scanner. For quantification, a sodium reference phantom was used with 10, 20, 30, and 40 mmol/L NaCl solution. Result Tissue sodium concentration (TSC) increased as an effect of unloading in the orthosis leg. Relative increases were 17.4 ± 16.8% (P = 0.005) in gastrocnemius medialis muscle, 11.1 ± 12.5 (P = 0.037) in gastrocnemius lateralis muscle, 16.2 ± 4.7% (P < 0.001) in soleus muscle, 10.0 ± 10.5% (P = 0.009) in the ventral muscle group, and 10.7 ± 10.0% (P = 0.003) in the central muscle group, respectively. TSC in the control leg did not significantly change. In the orthosis leg, muscle volume decreased as follows: medial gastrocnemius muscle: −5.4 ± 8.3% (P = 0.043) and soleus muscle: −7.8 ± 15.0% (P = 0.043). Conclusion Unloading atrophy is associated with an increase in muscle sodium concentration. 23Na MRI is capable of detecting these rather small changes.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/112880/
Document Type:Article
Title:Atrophy of calf muscles by unloading results in an increase of tissue sodium concentration and fat fraction decrease: a 23Na MRI physiology study
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Gerlach, DariusUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7044-6065UNSPECIFIED
Schopen, KathrinDivision of Space Physiology, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Linz, PeterDepartment of Radiology, UniversityHospital Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johannes, BerndUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Titze, Jensdepartment of nephrology and hypertension, and nikolaus fiebiger centre for molecular medicine, university clinic and friedrich alexander university of erlangen-nuremberg, germanyUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zange, JochenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rittweger, JörnUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-8963UNSPECIFIED
Date:22 May 2017
Journal or Publication Title:European Journal of Applied Physiology
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:No
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:117
DOI:10.1007/s00421-017-3647-4
Page Range:pp. 1585-1595
Publisher:Springer
ISSN:1439-6319
Status:Published
Keywords:Sodium MRI 23Na MRI Tissue sodium concentration (TSC) Quantification Muscle unloading
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R FR - Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - Vorhaben Systemphysiologie (old)
Location: Köln-Porz
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Aerospace Medicine > Cardiovascular Medicine in Aerospace
Institute of Aerospace Medicine > Space Physiology
Deposited By: Gerlach, Darius
Deposited On:28 Jun 2017 12:51
Last Modified:02 Nov 2023 14:41

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