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Greenhouse Module for Space System: A Lunar Greenhouse Design

Zeidler, Conrad and Vrakking, Vincent and Bamsey, Matthew and Poulet, Lucie and Zabel, Paul and Schubert, Daniel and Paillé, Christel and Mazzoleni, Erik and Domurath, Nico (2017) Greenhouse Module for Space System: A Lunar Greenhouse Design. Open Agriculture, 2 (1), pp. 116-132. de Gruyter. doi: 10.1515/opag-2017-0011. ISSN 2391-9531.

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Official URL: https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/opag.2017.2.issue-1/opag-2017-0011/opag-2017-0011.xml?format=INT

Abstract

In the next 10 to 20 years humankind will return to the Moon and/or travel to Mars. It is likely that astronauts will eventually build permanent settlements there, as a base for long-term crew tended research tasks. It is obvious that the crew of such settlements will need food to survive. With current mission architectures the provision of food for long-duration missions away from Earth requires a significant number of resupply flights. Furthermore, it would be infeasible to provide the crew with continuous access to fresh produce, specifically crops with high water content such as tomatoes and peppers, on account of their limited shelf life. A greenhouse as an integrated part of a planetary surface base would be one solution to solve this challenge for long-duration missions. Astronauts could grow their own fresh fruit and vegetables in-situ to be more independent from supply from Earth. This paper presents the results of the design project for such a greenhouse, which was carried out by DLR and its partners within the framework of the Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) program. The consortium performed an extensive system analysis followed by a definition of system and subsystem requirements for greenhouse modules. Over 270 requirements were defined in this process. Afterwards the consortium performed an in-depth analysis of illumination strategies, potential growth accommodations and shapes for the external structure. Five different options for the outer shape were investigated, each of them with a set of various possible internal configurations. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, the different concept options were evaluated and ranked against each other. The design option with the highest ranking was an inflatable outer structure with a rigid inner core, in which the subsystems are mounted. The inflatable shell is wrapped around the core during launch and transit to the lunar surface. The paper provides an overview of the final design, which was further detailed in a concurrent engineering design study. During the study, the subsystem parameters (e.g. mass, power, performance) were calculated and evaluated. The results of the study were further elaborated, leading to a lunar greenhouse concept that fulfils all initial requirements. The greenhouse module has a total cultivation area of more than 650 m² and provides more than 4.100 kg of edible dry mass over the duration of the mission. Based on the study, the consortium also identified technology and knowledge gaps (not part of this paper), which have to be addressed in future projects to make the actual development of such a lunar greenhouse, and permanent settlements for long-term human-tended research tasks on other terrestrial bodies, feasible in the first place.

Item URL in elib:https://elib.dlr.de/110816/
Document Type:Article
Title:Greenhouse Module for Space System: A Lunar Greenhouse Design
Authors:
AuthorsInstitution or Email of AuthorsAuthor's ORCID iDORCID Put Code
Zeidler, ConradUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6049-1321UNSPECIFIED
Vrakking, VincentUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-2847UNSPECIFIED
Bamsey, MatthewUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Poulet, LucieUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zabel, PaulUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-9230UNSPECIFIED
Schubert, DanielUNSPECIFIEDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-486XUNSPECIFIED
Paillé, ChristelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mazzoleni, ErikUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Domurath, NicoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date:2017
Journal or Publication Title:Open Agriculture
Refereed publication:Yes
Open Access:Yes
Gold Open Access:Yes
In SCOPUS:Yes
In ISI Web of Science:Yes
Volume:2
DOI:10.1515/opag-2017-0011
Page Range:pp. 116-132
Publisher:de Gruyter
Series Name:Topical Issue: Agriculture in Space
ISSN:2391-9531
Status:Published
Keywords:greenhouse, bio-regenerative life support system, closed loop, habitat, Moon, lunar infrastructure, plants
HGF - Research field:Aeronautics, Space and Transport
HGF - Program:Space
HGF - Program Themes:Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research area:Raumfahrt
DLR - Program:R FR - Research under Space Conditions
DLR - Research theme (Project):R - Projekt :envihab (old)
Location: Bremen
Institutes and Institutions:Institute of Space Systems > System Analysis Space Segment
Deposited By: Zeidler, Conrad
Deposited On:29 Mar 2017 12:27
Last Modified:21 Nov 2023 10:26

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