Integration of electric vehicles into the future energy supply system

Kurzfassung

This contribution presents results of an integrative analysis of medium to long-term prospects of plug-in electric vehicles (full electric and hybrid) in a supply system with a high share of renewable energy sources. A successful fleet scenario for Germany was simulated resulting in 27 Million plug-in electric vehicles by the year 2050. In addition, user profiles were derived from today's real world driving profiles and used for calculating electricity demand and grid-connected battery capacity of the vehicle fleet in hourly resolution. This information represents the available capacity for load-balancing in the power distribution system and was integrated into an energy system model. The model was applied to simulate optimized charging strategies in a supply system with other load balancing options such as controllable and flexible power plants, pumped hydro storages as well as transmission in the power grid of Europe. The results for the year 2050 indicate possible economic benefits of a controlled battery charging such as the reduction of the overall residual peak load in Germany between 3 and 4 GW and the additional use of excess electricity of about 4 to 5 TWh per year compared to uncontrolled loading.