Contribution of public and private green space in spatial distribution based on green volume and green area perspectives

Kurzfassung

Green space contributes to humans in various ways. However, it is unequally distributed in both public and private areas in cities due to the different management of land ownership. Numerous studies have found the contribution of green spaces to humans, but there is still a lack of attention to the mutual contribution of green spaces in different ownerships in spatial distribution. Previous studies on green space distribution have focused on the green area, i.e., the 2D representation of green. However, green areas do not consider the three-dimensional nature of green spaces that determines the provision of ecosystem services. To bridge this gap, we integrated very high-resolution remote sensing-based data (0.5m x 0.5m) of green area and green volume at grid cells of 100m x 100m, to examine the contribution of private green to public green in grid cells deprived of public green, and vice versa. In the city of Munich (Germany), private green spaces dominate in grid cells with little green, while public green spaces dominate in grid cells with larger green. We found that the contribution of private green to public green was in a large number of grid cells that contained little green (green area: 65.5%, green volume: 60.6%), while the contribution of public green to private green was in fewer grid cells that contained little green (green area: 34.5%, green volume: 39.4%). Proportionally equal contribution of public and private green was usually found in grid cells with large green surface area, or with low or medium green volume. From a practical perspective, our study helps urban planners and designers better understand public and private green space in cities, providing detailed information for improving public and private green spaces and enhancing green justice.