Understanding the Regional Variation in Charging Behaviour across Germany

Kurzfassung

As Germany advances towards widespread electric vehicle (EV) adoption, understanding regional disparities in charging patterns is critical for optimising infrastructure, policy design, and grid stability. This study examines regional differences in EV charging behaviour across Germany, analysing factors such as urbanisation levels, grid capacity, socio-economic conditions, and renewable energy integration. Using the data from EV driver survey conducted in Germany, we identify variations in charging frequency, duration, and preferred time slots between urban and rural areas. The study also explores the impact of socio-economic factors, including income levels and vehicle ownership patterns, on charging behaviour. Higher-income regions tend to have a greater share of private home charging, whereas lower-income urban areas depend more on public infrastructure. Furthermore, regional differences in transportation habits, such as the use of EVs for long-distance commuting versus short urban trips, influence the timing and intensity of charging demand. Policy implications include the need for tailored infrastructure investments, dynamic pricing models, and incentives to promote off-peak and renewable-based charging in different regions. The study contributes to the broader discourse on electrifying the transportation sector by providing perceptions into how localised factors shape EV charging behaviours, aiding stakeholders in designing region-specific strategies for an efficient and equitable transition to electric mobility in Germany.