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How effective are emission taxes in reducing air pollution? A satellite-based case study for Spain

Erbertseder, Thilo und Jacob, Martin und Taubenböck, Hannes und Zerwer, Kira (2025) How effective are emission taxes in reducing air pollution? A satellite-based case study for Spain. Economic Analysis and Policy, 86, Seiten 1037-1063. Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.eap.2025.04.012. ISSN 2204-2296.

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Offizielle URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2025.04.012

Kurzfassung

Air pollution poses significant risks to public health and the environment. Policymakers aim to counteract these risks by implementing policies to reduce pollution and emissions. Emission taxes are a prominent market-based tool. However, their real-world effectiveness remains underexplored. This study evaluates the impact of an economically significant tax on nitrogen oxide (NOx) introduced in the Comunidad Valenciana in 2013 compared to the rest of Spain using a difference-in-differences framework. To measure the area-wide spatio-temporal changes in air pollution, the study leverages satellite-based NO2 data. The findings reveal that the emission tax achieved a modest 1.2 % decline in NO2 levels annually, equivalent to approximately 728 tons of NOx emissions. In a series of robustness tests, heterogeneity analysis highlights stronger reductions in industrial areas, innovative firms, and larger companies, emphasizing the role of technological capacity. In contrast, firms with significant market power tend to shift the tax burden to stakeholders instead, thereby reducing its environmental impact. These results suggest that emission taxes have an effect in the intended direction; however, the effect alone does not significantly curb NO2 pollution. Complementary measures, such as innovation incentives and stricter regulatory standards, are necessary to enhance their effectiveness. By providing granular evidence of emission taxes' real-world impacts, this study offers valuable insights for policy-makers designing targeted and efficient environmental policies.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/216389/
Dokumentart:Zeitschriftenbeitrag
Titel:How effective are emission taxes in reducing air pollution? A satellite-based case study for Spain
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Erbertseder, ThiloThilo.Erbertseder (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4888-1065NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Jacob, MartinUniversity of Navarrahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-4882NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Taubenböck, HannesHannes.Taubenboeck (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-9126NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Zerwer, KiraOtto-Beisheim-School-of-ManagementNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:7 April 2025
Erschienen in:Economic Analysis and Policy
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Nein
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Ja
In ISI Web of Science:Ja
Band:86
DOI:10.1016/j.eap.2025.04.012
Seitenbereich:Seiten 1037-1063
Verlag:Elsevier
ISSN:2204-2296
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Earth Observation, NO2, Emission Taxes, Environmental Policy, Tropospheric NO2, Economy, Air Pollution, Air Quality, Satellites
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Raumfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Raumfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:R EO - Erdbeobachtung
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):R - Geoprodukte u. - Systeme, Services
Standort: Oberpfaffenhofen
Institute & Einrichtungen:Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum > Atmosphäre
Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum > Georisiken und zivile Sicherheit
Hinterlegt von: Erbertseder, Thilo
Hinterlegt am:23 Sep 2025 09:39
Letzte Änderung:23 Sep 2025 09:39

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