Implementierung eines Hubschrauber-Triebwerkmodells in das aeromechanische Simulations-Tool MAECOsim

Kurzfassung

As part of this master’s thesis, a real-time capable dynamic model of the Turboméca Arrius 2B2 turboshaft engine is developed and integrated into the aeromechanical simulation environment MAECOsim®. The environment is intended for future use in pilot studies in ground-based helicopter simulators at the German Aerospace Center (DLR). For this purpose, all engine parameters relevant to maintaining safe flight conditions must be made available to the pilot during both steady-state and dynamic flight maneuvers. Furthermore, the engine torque from the modeled engines is intended to enable an improved representation of the rotor–drivetrain dynamics. The model structure is based on a quasi-nonlinear state-space representation, which links multiple operating-point models to provide a continuous representation of engine behavior over the regular operating range. The model is initially developed in MATLAB/Simulink, parameterized using real flighttest data from the EC135 ACT/FHS research helicopter, and subsequently transferred into the MAECOsim® environment. There, it is coupled with the existing structural and aerodynamic models required for the complete simulation of the rotor–drivetrain system. The integrated engine model is examined in two configurations: a free-flight configuration representing the ACT/FHS as a complete multibody system, and a wind-tunnel configuration in which only the main rotor, fixed in its attitude, is simulated. Validation is performed using the wind-tunnel configuration and selected flight tests involving dynamic flight maneuvers. Considering the assumptions and simplifications made, the model shows satisfactory agreement with the measured engine parameters over its main operating range. At higher load change frequencies > 1 Hz, an increasing phase shift between the simulated and measured rotor speed is observed.