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Detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres

Taysum, Benjamin und Zelst, Iris und Grenfell, John Lee und Schreier, Franz und Cabrera Perez, Juan und Rauer, Heike (2024) Detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 692, A82. EDP Sciences. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450549. ISSN 0004-6361.

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Offizielle URL: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2024/12/aa50549-24/aa50549-24.html

Kurzfassung

Context. Warm rocky exoplanets within the habitable zone of Sun-like stars are favoured targets for current and future missions. Theory indicates these planets could be wet at formation and remain habitable long enough for life to develop. However, it is unclear to what extent an early ocean on such worlds could influence the response of potential biosignatures. Aims. In this work we test the climate-chemistry response, maintenance, and detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres with Earth biomass fluxes within the framework of the planned LIFE mission. Methods. We used the coupled climate-chemistry column model 1D-TERRA to simulate the composition of planetary atmospheres at different distances from the Sun, assuming Earth’s planetary parameters and evolution. We increased the incoming instellation by up to 50% in steps of 10%, corresponding to orbits of 1.00 to 0.82 AU. Simulations were performed with and without modern Earth’s biomass fluxes at the surface. Theoretical emission spectra of all simulations were produced using the GARLIC radiative transfer model. LIFEsim was then used to add noise to and simulate observations of these spectra to assess how biotic and abiotic atmospheres of Earth-like planets can be distinguished. Results. Increasing instellation leads to surface water vapour pressures rising from 0.01 bar (1.31%, S = 1.0) to 0.61 bar (34.72%, S = 1.5). In the biotic scenarios, the ozone layer survives because hydrogen oxide reactions with nitrogen oxides prevent the net ozone chemical sink from increasing. Methane is strongly reduced for instellations that are 20% higher than that of the Earth due to the increased hydrogen oxide abundances and UV fluxes. Synthetic observations with LIFEsim, assuming a 2.0 m aperture and resolving power of a R = 50, show that ozone signatures at 9.6 µm reliably point to Earth-like biosphere surface fluxes of O2 only for systems within 10 parsecs. The differences in atmospheric temperature structures due to differing H2O profiles also enable observations at 15.0 µm to reliably identify planets with a CH4 surface flux equal to that of Earth’s biosphere. Increasing the aperture to 3.5 m and increasing instrument throughput to 15% increases this range to 22.5 pc.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/210549/
Dokumentart:Zeitschriftenbeitrag
Titel:Detectability of biosignatures in warm, water-rich atmospheres
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Taysum, Benjaminbenjamin.taysum (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-4340173607468
Zelst, Irisiris.vanzelst (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-9910NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Grenfell, John LeeLee.Grenfell (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-5339NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Schreier, FranzFranz.Schreier (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7196-6599NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Cabrera Perez, JuanJuan.Cabrera (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-5487NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Rauer, Heikeheike.rauer (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-1828NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:2024
Erschienen in:Astronomy & Astrophysics
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Ja
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Ja
In ISI Web of Science:Ja
Band:692
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202450549
Seitenbereich:A82
Verlag:EDP Sciences
ISSN:0004-6361
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Planets, Atmospheres, Biosignatures, Atmospheric Chemistry
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Raumfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Raumfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:R EW - Erforschung des Weltraums
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):R - Projekt PLATO - PMC und Science
Standort: Berlin-Adlershof , Oberpfaffenhofen
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Planetenforschung > Extrasolare Planeten und Atmosphären
Institut für Planetenforschung > Planetenphysik
Institut für Planetenforschung > Leitungsbereich PF
Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung > Atmosphärenprozessoren
Hinterlegt von: Taysum, Benjamin
Hinterlegt am:12 Dez 2024 08:25
Letzte Änderung:12 Dez 2024 08:25

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