Derivation of building structures from noisy digital surface models

Kurzfassung

In this work we present a novel approach for segementation of a noisy DSM to building structures and other non-building structures - normally trees - and the modeling of them. Mostly Digital Surface Models (DSMs) from only a few aerial images or only from one pair of satellite images tend to be very noisy and lack good quality especially in shadow areas. Since actual methods for deriving roofs rely on a valid height information by joining areas of same slope to a roof-plane these fail regularly with such noisy DSMs. In our presented approach we use a slope map of the DSM only to detect flat regions. Since those regions on top of roofs are mostly good illuminated we can derive the ridges of roofs and flat roofs and also ground areas. All narrow, flat, elevated areas are ridges and may occur on roofs or on trees. After connecting ridges in ridge-directions there remain two types of ridges: long, straight ridges of roofs and mixed short ridges in many directions for the trees. Fitting symmetric planes through the roof-ridge-lines gives finally the roof-planes reducing the effects of noise on shadowed parts of the roof. Taking the other tree-ridges as seeds for a watershed transformation will give the trees. Finally the proposed method is applied to a noisy DSM and the results will be discussed.