Fuel Cell Electrical Vehicles as Mobile Coupled Heat and Power Backup-Plant in Neighbourhoods with Low-Energy Standards Buildings

Kurzfassung

Renewable energy sources like wind and solar, being fluctuating of nature, introduce new challenges for a reliable power supply. To prevent resulting power shortages in times of zero or low renewable electricty and heat generation, a flexible local power source is required to fill this gap. This work investigates whether fuel cell electric vehicles as mobile coupled power and heat sources can be a flexibility to solve to this problem. For this, a scenario analysis is performed using the open energy modeling framework (OEMOF) for fuel cell electric vehicles providing both, electricity and heat, to a neighbourhood compiled of wellinsulated all-electric buildings. Scenarios with and without storages and the influence of an increasing number of battery electric vehicles to be charged are analyzed. The additional heat used from the vehicles can save around 14.5 % electrical energy. Only 1.6 % of the adult residents need to provide a vehicle to fully supply the neighbourhood. Hydrogen supply via the internal tanks would be possible, but more vehicles are needed then. A stationary supply would be beneficial for different technical aspects. The focus of the investigation is on the technical aspects, not on cost issues.