Aeolian processes at the ExoMars 2022 landing site

Kurzfassung

Wind-formed features are abundant in Oxia Planum (Mars), the landing site of the 2022 ExoMars mission, which shows geological evidence for a past wet environment [1-4]. Here we show that the landing site experienced multiple climatic changes recorded by an intriguing set of ridges that we interpret as Periodic Bedrock Ridges (PBRs) [5, 6]. Clues for a PBR origin result from ridge regularity, defect terminations, and the presence of preserved megaripples detaching from the PBRs. PBR orientation differs from superimposed transverse aeolian ridges pointing toward a major change in wind regime. Superposition relationships of the PBRs with a dark-toned geological unit [4] indicate that such a change in the main wind condition likely occurred during the Amazonian. Active bedform migration from nearby craters (McLaughlin and Oyama) show winds coming from the North, matching the orientation of the wind streaks visible in the putative landing ellipse. Our results provide constrains on the wind regime in Oxia Planum and offer indications on present and past winds that will be crucial for understanding the landing site geology.For full details, see [1].[1] Silvestro, S. et al. 2021. Periodic Bedrock Ridges at the ExoMars 2022 landing site: Evidence for a Changing Wind Regime. GRL, 48, 4.[2] Favaro, E. et al. 2021. The Aeolian Environment of the Landing Site for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover in Oxia Planum, Mars. JGR, 126, 4.[3] Balme, M. et al. 2017. Surface-based 3D measurements of small aeolian bedforms on Mars and implications for estimating ExoMars rover traversability hazards. PSS, 153, 39-53.[4] Quantin, C. et al. Oxia Planum: The Landing Site for the ExoMars ''Rosalind Franklin'' Rover Mission: Geological Context and Prelanding Interpretation. Astrobiology, 21, 3.[5] Montgomery, D. R. et al. 2012. Periodic bedrock ridges on Mars. JGR, 117, E03005.[6] Hugenholtz, C. H. et al. 2015. Formation of periodic bedrock ridges on Earth. Aeolian Research, 18, 135-144.