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Sleep loss and high task demand lead to fast and sloppy decision-making: eye-tracking evidence from a visual search task

Mühl, C. und Benderoth, S. und Aeschbach, D. (2021) Sleep loss and high task demand lead to fast and sloppy decision-making: eye-tracking evidence from a visual search task. In: Aerospace and Environmental Medicine. 23rd IAA Humans in Space, 2021-04-05 - 2021-04-08, Virtual Conference (Moskow, Russia). ISSN 0233-528X.

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Kurzfassung

Long-distance human space travel will lead to communication delays and with increasing distance from earth, support from ground control will be partially replaced by the interaction with automated support systems. To make good and fast decisions, operators need to attend to displays and quickly identify relevant among irrelevant information. We used a visual search paradigm to operationalize such tasks and studied performance under sleep deprivation. Sleep quality and quantity suffer during space missions and prior work has suggested that performance in these tasks becomes «fast and sloppy» with sleep loss. We used eye-tracking to get insight into the underlying processes that lead to this type of poor decision-making. We studied 50 healthy participants, randomized to a 24-h acute sleep deprivation group and a control group, completing a visual search task in which they had to decide on the presence/absence of a single target within sets of 10, 20, 30 or 40 search items. Eye-tracking revealed that, across both groups, visual sensitivity correlated positively with total fixation duration (TFD) and with TFD slope, i.e. the rate at which TFD increases as a function of set size. After sleep loss, sensitivity deteriorated more in trials with 30 and 40 items than in trials with 10 and 20 items, whereas TFD increased for the small, but not for the large set sizes. Thus, sleep deprivation resulted in a flatter TFD slope, which was associated with poorer performance. Against a background of general cognitive slowing (longer TFD), sleep loss impedes the allocation of sufficient search time to complete more challenging searches with larger set sizes (shallower TFD slope). This unfavorable speed-accuracy trade-off might indicate attempts to counteract the effect of sleep loss in simple tasks, which fall short due to compromised effort allocation for more demanding tasks. In consequence, decision quality of operators is most impaired when two stressors meet: high cognitive load and acute sleep loss. Eye-tracking measures are sensitive to sleep deprivation and might reflect impairment or compensatory behavior during critical operations. In scenarios of increased crew autonomy, these unobtrusive measurements could inform about operator state and help predict and prevent performance impairment due to stressors.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/142645/
Dokumentart:Konferenzbeitrag (Vortrag)
Titel:Sleep loss and high task demand lead to fast and sloppy decision-making: eye-tracking evidence from a visual search task
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Mühl, C.christian.muehl (at) dlr.deNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Benderoth, S.sibylle.benderoth (at) dlr.deNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Aeschbach, D.daniel.aeschbach (at) dlrNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:2021
Erschienen in:Aerospace and Environmental Medicine
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Nein
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Nein
In ISI Web of Science:Nein
Name der Reihe:Special Issue
ISSN:0233-528X
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Sleep, Attention, Cognition, Eye-Tracking, Space
Veranstaltungstitel:23rd IAA Humans in Space
Veranstaltungsort:Virtual Conference (Moskow, Russia)
Veranstaltungsart:internationale Konferenz
Veranstaltungsbeginn:5 April 2021
Veranstaltungsende:8 April 2021
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Luftfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Luftverkehr und Auswirkungen
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Luftfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:L AI - Luftverkehr und Auswirkungen
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):L - Faktor Mensch
Standort: Köln-Porz
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin > Schlaf und Humanfaktoren
Hinterlegt von: Sender, Alina
Hinterlegt am:22 Jun 2021 10:43
Letzte Änderung:24 Apr 2024 20:42

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