Modellierung und techno-ökonomische Bewertung von Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Synthesegas für die Erzeugung alternativer Kraftstoffe

Kurzfassung

In order to compensate the impact of climate change, various renewable and carbon neutral energy carriers are in discussion. One opportunity is the usage of synthetic hydrocarbons. For instance, these can be produced by the usage of syn gas, a mixture of hydrogen H2 and carbon monoxide CO, in Fischer-Tropsch process. Existing facilites, like the Shell Pearl Gas-to-Liquids in Qatar, use natural gas as feedstock to produce synthetic crude oil. However, to generate a reneweable and carbon neutral energy carrier, syn gas needs to originate from a sustainable non-fossil source. Several studies indicate that the provision of syn gas has a major impact on the production cost of alternative fuels. Therefore this thesis examines ten different sustainable process routes to provide syn gas. These routes are modeled and simulated in the process simulation program Aspen Plus and moreover economically examined in the DLR inhouse programm TEPET. The considered carbon sources include direct-air-capture, bio gas and industrial fumes from cement production and natural gas power plants. The examined hydrogen sources consist of PEM electrolysis, high-tempearture co-electrolysis, dry reforming of methane and solar thermical splitting of water. Chemical and electrochemical conversions are examinded for the reverse water-gas shift reaction (rWGS), dry reforming, high temperature co-electrolysis and solarthermical splitting of CO2. The process route consisting of dry reforming of biogas and PEM electrolysis achieves the lowest production cost of 0.77 €/kg. The production costs of the routes combining industrial fumes and rWGS respectively HT-Co-electrolysis are 3 − 4 times higher. The production costs of solarthermical splitting are 235 times higher.