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THE CONTAMINATION IMPACT OF HUMAN EXPLORATION TO A SUBTERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR FURTHER CREWED SPACE EXPLORATION

Leuko, Stefan und Koskinen, Kaisa und De Waele, Jo und Sanna, Laura und Rettberg, Petra (2016) THE CONTAMINATION IMPACT OF HUMAN EXPLORATION TO A SUBTERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR FURTHER CREWED SPACE EXPLORATION. 41st Scientific Assembly of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), 2016-07-30 - 2016-08-07, Istanbul, Turkey.

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Kurzfassung

The quest of exploring and looking for life in new places is a human desire since centuries. Nowa- days, we are not only looking on planet Earth any more, but our endeavours focus on nearby planets in our solar system. It is therefore of great importance to preserve the extra-terrestrial environment and not to contaminate it with terrestrial / human associated bacteria. At this point in time we are not able to send crewed missions to other planets; however, analysing the impact of human exploration on environments is of great planetary protection concern. This can be achieved by obtaining samples from a subterranean environment, where only ex- pert speleologists have access and the human impact is considered very low. For this study, astronauts participating in the 2014 ESA CAVES (Cooperative Adventure for Valuing and Exercising human behaviour and performance Skills) training course, obtained samples from deep within a subterranean environment and returned them to the laboratory for molecular microbial analysis. The diversity of the returned soil samples was analysed by molecular means such as clone library and next-generation sequencing (NGS). It was found that humans have an immense impact on the microbial diversity in the environment. Although the cave system is sparsely entered by humans, a high relative abundance of Staphylococcus spp. and Propionibac- teria spp., organisms that are characteristic for human skin, have been recovered. Some samples even showed the presence of human gut associated methanogenic archaea, Methanomassiliicoc- cus spp. The obtained data from this investigation indicate that human exploration is strongly polluting an environment and may lead to false-positive sign of life on other planets. It is therefore imperative to increase our awareness to this problem as well as work towards new protocols to protect a pristine extraterrestrial environment during exploration.

elib-URL des Eintrags:https://elib.dlr.de/105927/
Dokumentart:Konferenzbeitrag (Vortrag)
Titel:THE CONTAMINATION IMPACT OF HUMAN EXPLORATION TO A SUBTERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR FURTHER CREWED SPACE EXPLORATION
Autoren:
AutorenInstitution oder E-Mail-AdresseAutoren-ORCID-iDORCID Put Code
Leuko, StefanGerman Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; stefan.leuko (at) dlr.deNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Koskinen, Kaisakaisa.koskinen (at) medunigraz.atNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
De Waele, JoUniversità di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; jo.dewaele (at) unibo.itNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Sanna, LauraNational Research Council of Italy, Sassari, Italy; l.sanna (at) ibimet.cnr.itNICHT SPEZIFIZIERTNICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Rettberg, PetraGerman Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; petra.rettberg (at) dlr.dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-2395NICHT SPEZIFIZIERT
Datum:2016
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Open Access:Ja
Gold Open Access:Nein
In SCOPUS:Nein
In ISI Web of Science:Nein
Status:veröffentlicht
Stichwörter:Planetary Protection; ESA CAVES (Cooperative Adventure for Valuing and Exercising human behaviour and performance Skills)
Veranstaltungstitel:41st Scientific Assembly of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
Veranstaltungsort:Istanbul, Turkey
Veranstaltungsart:internationale Konferenz
Veranstaltungsbeginn:30 Juli 2016
Veranstaltungsende:7 August 2016
HGF - Forschungsbereich:Luftfahrt, Raumfahrt und Verkehr
HGF - Programm:Raumfahrt
HGF - Programmthema:Forschung unter Weltraumbedingungen
DLR - Schwerpunkt:Raumfahrt
DLR - Forschungsgebiet:R FR - Forschung unter Weltraumbedingungen
DLR - Teilgebiet (Projekt, Vorhaben):R - Vorhaben Strahlenbiologie (alt)
Standort: Köln-Porz
Institute & Einrichtungen:Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin > Strahlenbiologie
Hinterlegt von: Kopp, Kerstin
Hinterlegt am:23 Sep 2016 08:02
Letzte Änderung:24 Apr 2024 20:11

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