Modelling of the Coupled Chemistry-Climate System: Projections of Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century and Impact of Shipping on Atmospheric Composition and Climate

Abstract

A complete understanding of atmospheric composition changes requires the consideration of climate change and its feedback on chemistry. Chemistry-climate models (CCMs) consider those feedbacks and are used in this work in combination with atmospheric observations in two related areas. The first area is stratospheric research, with the main goal to provide reliable projections of future changes in the stratosphere and their impacts on climate through a multi-model approach. The CCMs simulate the observed ozone reduction in the early nineties and predict a global ozone recovery between 2035 and 2050. The second research area is to study how gaseous and particulate emissions from international shipping impact on atmospheric composition und climate. The studies show a high impact of ship emissions on maritime clouds and radiative forcing. In addition, ship emissions cause air quality problems in coastal areas and harbours with heavy traffic.